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The goal of this document is to help operational teams with the configuration of TLS on servers. All Mozilla sites and deployment should follow the recommendations below.
<table>
  <tr>
    <td style="min-width: 25em;">__TOC__</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; max-width: 60em; padding-left: .75rem;">The goal of this document is to help operational teams with the configuration of TLS. All Mozilla websites and deployments should follow the recommendations below.


The Operations Security (OpSec) team maintains this document as a reference guide to navigate the TLS landscape. It contains information on TLS protocols, known issues and vulnerabilities, configuration examples and testing tools. Changes are reviewed and merged by the OpSec team, and broadcasted to the various Operational teams.
Mozilla maintains this document as a reference guide for navigating the TLS landscape, as well as a [https://ssl-config.mozilla.org configuration generator] to assist system administrators. Changes are reviewed and merged by the Mozilla Operations Security and Enterprise Information Security teams.


<table><tr>
Updates to this page should be submitted to the [https://github.com/mozilla/server-side-tls server-side-tls] repository on GitHub. Issues related to the [https://ssl-config.mozilla.org configuration generator] are maintained in their own [https://github.com/mozilla/ssl-config-generator GitHub repository].
<td><div style="float:left;" class="toclimit-3">__TOC__</div></td>
 
<td valign="top">
In the interests of usability and maintainability, these guidelines have been considerably simplified from the [[Security/Archive/Server Side TLS 4.0|previous guidelines]].
{| class="wikitable"
    </td>
|-
  </tr>
! Document Status !! Major Versions
</table>
|-  
|  <span style="color:green;">'''READY'''</span> ||
* Version 3.2: ulfr: Added intermediate compatibility mode, renamed other modes
* Version 3.1: ulfr: Added non-backward compatible ciphersuite
* Version 3: ulfr: Remove RC4 for 3DES, fix ordering in openssl 0.9.8 ([https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1024430 1024430]), various minor updates
* Version 2.5.1: ulfr: Revisit ELB capabilities
* Version 2.5: ulfr: Update ZLB information for OCSP Stapling and ciphersuite
* Version 2.4: ulfr: Moved a couple of aes128 above aes256 in the ciphersuite
* Version 2.3: ulfr: Precisions on IE 7/8 AES support (thanks to Dobin Rutishauser)
* Version 2.2: ulfr: Added IANA/OpenSSL/GnuTLS correspondence table and conversion tool
* Version 2.1: ulfr: RC4 vs 3DES discussion. r=joes r=tinfoil
* Version 2: Public release. r=ulfr r=kang
* Version 1.5: Julien Vehent (ulfr) added details for PFS DHE handshake, added nginx configuration details; Guillaume Destuynder (kang): added Apache recommended conf
* Version 1.4: ulfr: revised ciphersuite. Prefer AES before RC4. Prefer 128 before 256. Prefer DHE before non-DHE.
* Version 1.3: ulfr: added netscaler example conf
* Version 1.2: ulfr: ciphersuite update: bump DHE-AESGCM above ECDH-RC4
* Version 1.1: ulfr: integrated review comments from Infra; kang: SPDY information
* Version 1: ulfr: creation
|}
</td>
</tr></table>


= Recommended configurations =
= Recommended configurations =
Three configurations are recommended. Pick the right configuration depending on your audience. If you do not need backward compatibility, and are building a service for modern clients only (post FF27), then use the Modern configuration. Otherwise, prefer the Intermediate configuration. Use the Old backward compatible configuration only if your service will be accessed by very old clients, such as Windows XP IE6, or ancient libraries & bots.
<span style="float: right; max-width: 600px; text-align: center;">
[[Image:Ssl-config.mozilla.org.png|600px|link=https://ssl-config.mozilla.org/|Mozilla SSL Configuration Generator]]<br>
The [https://ssl-config.mozilla.org/ Mozilla SSL Configuration Generator]
</span>
Mozilla maintains three recommended configurations for servers using TLS. Pick the correct configuration depending on your audience:


<table><tr>
* <span style="color: green; font-weight: bold;">Modern</span>''':''' Modern clients that support TLS 1.3, with no need for backwards compatibility
<td><div style="float:left;" class="toclimit-3">__TOC__</div></td>
* <span style="color: orange; font-weight: bold;">Intermediate</span>''':''' Recommended configuration for a general-purpose server
<td valign="top">
* <span style="color: gray; font-weight: bold;">Old</span>''':''' Services accessed by very old clients or libraries, such as Internet Explorer 8 (Windows XP), Java 6, or OpenSSL 0.9.8
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1.5rem 1rem;"
|-
! Configuration
! Firefox
! Android
! Chrome
! Edge
! Internet Explorer
! Java
! OpenSSL
! Opera
! Safari
|-
| style="color: green;" | '''Modern'''
| style="text-align: center;" | 63
| style="text-align: center;" | 10.0
| style="text-align: center;" | 70
| style="text-align: center;" | 75
| style="text-align: center;" | --
| style="text-align: center;" | 11
| style="text-align: center;" | 1.1.1
| style="text-align: center;" | 57
| style="text-align: center;" | 12.1
|-
| style="color:orange;" | '''Intermediate'''
| style="text-align: center;" | 27
| style="text-align: center;" | 4.4.2
| style="text-align: center;" | 31
| style="text-align: center;" | 12
| style="text-align: center;" | 11 (Win7)
| style="text-align: center;" | 8u31
| style="text-align: center;" | 1.0.1
| style="text-align: center;" | 20
| style="text-align: center;" | 9
|-
|-
! Configuration !! Oldest compatible client
| style="color:gray;" | '''Old'''
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 1
| <span style="color:green;">'''Modern'''</span> || Firefox 27, Chrome 22, IE 11, Opera 14 and Safari 7
| style="text-align: center;" | 2.3
|-  
| style="text-align: center;" | 1
| <span style="color:orange;">'''Intermediate'''</span> || Firefox 1, Chrome 1, IE 7, Opera 5 and Safari 1
| style="text-align: center;" | 12
|-  
| style="text-align: center;" | 8 (WinXP)
| <span style="color:gray;">'''Old'''</span> || Windows XP IE6, Java 6
| style="text-align: center;" | 6
| style="text-align: center;" | 0.9.8
| style="text-align: center;" | 5
| style="text-align: center;" | 1
|}
|}
</td>
</tr></table>
== <span style="color:green;">'''Modern'''</span> compatibility ==
For services that don't need backward compatibility, the parameters below provide a higher level of security. This configuration is compatible with Firefox 27, Chrome 22, IE 11, Opera 14 and Safari 7.


* Ciphersuite: '''ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!3DES:!MD5:!PSK'''
<p style="max-width: 60em;">The ordering of cipher suites in the <span style="color: gray; font-weight: bold;">Old</span> configuration is very important, as it determines the priority with which algorithms are selected.</p>
* Versions: '''TLSv1.1, TLSv1.2'''
* RSA key size: '''2048'''
* DH Parameter size: '''2048'''
* Elliptic curves: '''secp256r1, secp384r1, secp521r1''' (at a minimum)
* Certificate signature: '''SHA-256'''


== <span style="color:orange;">'''Intermediate'''</span> compatibility (default) ==
<p style="max-width: 60em;">OpenSSL will ignore cipher suites it doesn't understand, so always use the full set of cipher suites below, in their recommended order. The use of the <span style="color: gray; font-weight: bold;">Old</span> configuration with modern versions of OpenSSL may require custom builds with support for deprecated ciphers.</p>
For services that don't need compatibility with legacy clients (mostly WinXP), but still need to support a wide range of clients, this configuration is recommended. It is is compatible with Firefox 1, Chrome 1, IE 7, Opera 5 and Safari 1.
<br style="clear: right;">


* Ciphersuite: '''ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128:AES256:AES:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK'''
== <span style="color:green;">'''Modern'''</span> compatibility ==
* Versions: '''TLSv1, TLSv1.1, TLSv1.2'''
For services with clients that support TLS 1.3 and don't need backward compatibility, the <span style="color: green; font-weight: bold;">Modern</span> configuration provides an extremely high level of security.
* RSA key size: '''2048'''
* DH Parameter size: '''2048'''
* Elliptic curves: '''secp256r1, secp384r1, secp521r1''' (at a minimum)
* Certificate signature: '''SHA-256'''


== <span style="color:gray;">'''Old'''</span> backward compatibility ==
* Cipher suites (TLS 1.3): '''TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256'''
* Cipher suites (TLS 1.2): (none)
* Protocols: '''TLS 1.3'''
* Certificate type: '''ECDSA (P-256)'''
* TLS curves: '''X25519, prime256v1, secp384r1'''
* HSTS: '''max-age=63072000''' (two years)
* Certificate lifespan: '''90 days'''
* Cipher preference: '''client chooses'''


This is the old ciphersuite that works with all clients back to Windows XP/IE6. It should be used as a last resort only.
<!-- This tabular openssl list can be produced by running "openssl ciphers -V" -->
 
<source>
* Ciphersuite: '''ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128:AES256:AES:DES-CBC3-SHA:HIGH:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK:!aECDH:!EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA:!EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:!KRB5-DES-CBC3-SHA'''
0x13,0x01 -  TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256        TLSv1.3 Kx=any Au=any Enc=AESGCM(128)             Mac=AEAD
* Versions: '''SSLv3, TLSv1, TLSv1.1, TLSv1.2'''
0x13,0x02 -  TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384        TLSv1.3 Kx=any Au=any Enc=AESGCM(256)             Mac=AEAD
* RSA key size: '''2048'''
0x13,0x03 -  TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 TLSv1.3 Kx=any Au=any Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256)  Mac=AEAD
* DH Parameter size: '''1024'''
* Elliptic curves: '''secp256r1, secp384r1, secp521r1'''
* Certificate signature: '''SHA-1''' (windows XP pre-sp3 is incompatible with sha-256)
 
If your version of OpenSSL is old, unavailable ciphers will be discarded automatically. Always use the full ciphersuite above and let OpenSSL pick the ones it supports.
 
The ordering of a ciphersuite is very important because it decides which algorithms are going to be selected in priority. The recommendation above prioritizes algorithms that provide perfect forward secrecy.
 
The listing below shows the list of algorithms returned by this ciphersuite. If you have to pick them manually for your application, make sure you keep this ordering.
 
Older versions of OpenSSL may not return the full list of algorithms. AES-GCM and some ECDHE are fairly recent, and not present on most versions of OpenSSL shipped with Ubuntu or RHEL. This listing below was obtained from a freshly built OpenSSL.
 
<source lang="bash">
$ openssl ciphers -V 'ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128:AES256:AES:DES-CBC3-SHA:HIGH:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK:!aECDH:!EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA:!EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:!KRB5-DES-CBC3-SHA'|column -t
0xC0,0x2F  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256    TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(128)    Mac=AEAD
0xC0,0x2B -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256  TLSv1.2 Kx=ECDH Au=ECDSA Enc=AESGCM(128)   Mac=AEAD
0xC0,0x30 -  ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384    TLSv1.2 Kx=ECDH Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(256)    Mac=AEAD
0xC0,0x2C  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384  TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA Enc=AESGCM(256)   Mac=AEAD
0x00,0x9E  -  DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256      TLSv1.2  Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(128)    Mac=AEAD
0x00,0xA2  -  DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256      TLSv1.2  Kx=DH    Au=DSS    Enc=AESGCM(128)    Mac=AEAD
0x00,0xA3  -  DHE-DSS-AES256-GCM-SHA384      TLSv1.2  Kx=DH    Au=DSS    Enc=AESGCM(256)    Mac=AEAD
0x00,0x9F  -  DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384      TLSv1.2  Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(256)    Mac=AEAD
0xC0,0x27  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256        TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)      Mac=SHA256
0xC0,0x23  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256      TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=AES(128)      Mac=SHA256
0xC0,0x13 -  ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA          SSLv3    Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)      Mac=SHA1
0xC0,0x09  - ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA        SSLv3    Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=AES(128)      Mac=SHA1
0xC0,0x28 - ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384        TLSv1.2 Kx=ECDH Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)      Mac=SHA384
0xC0,0x24  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384      TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA Enc=AES(256)      Mac=SHA384
0xC0,0x14  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA          SSLv3    Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)       Mac=SHA1
0xC0,0x0A -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA        SSLv3    Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=AES(256)      Mac=SHA1
0x00,0x67  -  DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256          TLSv1.2  Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)      Mac=SHA256
0x00,0x33  -  DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA            SSLv3    Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)      Mac=SHA1
0x00,0x40  -  DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256          TLSv1.2  Kx=DH    Au=DSS    Enc=AES(128)      Mac=SHA256
0x00,0x6B  -  DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256          TLSv1.2  Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)      Mac=SHA256
0x00,0x38  -  DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA            SSLv3    Kx=DH    Au=DSS    Enc=AES(256)      Mac=SHA1
0x00,0x39  -  DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA            SSLv3    Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)      Mac=SHA1
0x00,0x9C  -  AES128-GCM-SHA256              TLSv1.2  Kx=RSA  Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(128)    Mac=AEAD
0x00,0x9D  -  AES256-GCM-SHA384              TLSv1.2  Kx=RSA  Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(256)    Mac=AEAD
0x00,0x32  -  DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA            SSLv3    Kx=DH    Au=DSS    Enc=AES(128)      Mac=SHA1
0x00,0x3C  -  AES128-SHA256                  TLSv1.2  Kx=RSA  Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)      Mac=SHA256
0x00,0x2F  -  AES128-SHA                    SSLv3    Kx=RSA  Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)      Mac=SHA1
0x00,0x6A  -  DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA256          TLSv1.2  Kx=DH    Au=DSS    Enc=AES(256)      Mac=SHA256
0x00,0x3D  -  AES256-SHA256                  TLSv1.2  Kx=RSA  Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)      Mac=SHA256
0x00,0x35  -  AES256-SHA                    SSLv3    Kx=RSA  Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)      Mac=SHA1
0x00,0x0A  -  DES-CBC3-SHA                  SSLv3    Kx=RSA  Au=RSA    Enc=3DES(168)      Mac=SHA1
0x00,0x88  -  DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA256-SHA        SSLv3    Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=Camellia(256)  Mac=SHA1
0x00,0x87  -  DHE-DSS-CAMELLIA256-SHA        SSLv3    Kx=DH    Au=DSS    Enc=Camellia(256)  Mac=SHA1
0x00,0x84  -  CAMELLIA256-SHA                SSLv3    Kx=RSA  Au=RSA    Enc=Camellia(256)  Mac=SHA1
0xC0,0x12  -  ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA        SSLv3    Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA    Enc=3DES(168)      Mac=SHA1
0xC0,0x08  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-DES-CBC3-SHA      SSLv3    Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=3DES(168)      Mac=SHA1
0x00,0x45  -  DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA128-SHA        SSLv3    Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=Camellia(128)  Mac=SHA1
0x00,0x44  -  DHE-DSS-CAMELLIA128-SHA        SSLv3    Kx=DH    Au=DSS    Enc=Camellia(128)  Mac=SHA1
0x00,0x41  -  CAMELLIA128-SHA                SSLv3    Kx=RSA  Au=RSA    Enc=Camellia(128)  Mac=SHA1
</source>
</source>


The ciphers are described here: http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html
* Rationale:
** All cipher suites are [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_secrecy forward secret] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authenticated_encryption authenticated]
** The cipher suites are all strong and so we allow the client to choose, as they will know best if they have support for hardware-accelerated AES
** We recommend ECDSA certificates using P-256, as P-384 provides negligible improvements to security and Ed25519 is not yet widely supported


= Prioritization logic =
== <span style="color:orange;">'''Intermediate'''</span> compatibility (recommended) ==
<p style="max-width: 60em;">For services that don't need compatibility with legacy clients such as Windows XP or old versions of OpenSSL. This is the recommended configuration for the vast majority of services, as it is highly secure and compatible with nearly every client released in the last five (or more) years.</p>


# ECDHE+AESGCM ciphers are selected first. These are TLS 1.2 ciphers and not widely supported at the moment. No known attack currently target these ciphers.
* Cipher suites (TLS 1.3): '''TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256'''
# [[#Forward_Secrecy|PFS]] ciphersuites are preferred, with ECDHE first, then DHE.
* Cipher suites (TLS 1.2): '''ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305'''
# AES 128 is preferred to AES 256. There has been [[http://www.mail-archive.com/dev-tech-crypto@lists.mozilla.org/msg11247.html discussions]] on whether AES256 extra security was worth the cost, and the result is far from obvious. At the moment, AES128 is preferred, because it provides good security, is really fast, and seems to be more resistant to timing attacks.
* Protocols: '''TLS 1.2, TLS 1.3'''
# In the backward compatible ciphersuite, AES is preferred to 3DES. [[#Attacks_on_TLS|BEAST]] attacks on AES are mitigated in TLS 1.1 and above, and difficult to achieve in TLS 1.0. In the non-backward compatible ciphersuite, 3DES is not present.
* TLS curves: '''X25519, prime256v1, secp384r1'''
# RC4 is removed entirely. 3DES is used for backward compatibility. See discussion in [[#RC4_weaknesses]]
* Certificate type: '''ECDSA (P-256)''' (recommended), or '''RSA (2048 bits)'''
* DH parameter size: '''2048''' (ffdhe2048, [https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7919#appendix-A.1 RFC 7919])
* HSTS: '''max-age=63072000''' (two years)
* Certificate lifespan: '''90 days''' (recommended) to '''366 days'''
* Cipher preference: '''client chooses'''


= Mandatory discards =
<!-- This tabular openssl list can be produced by running "openssl ciphers -V" -->
 
<source>
* aNULL contains non-authenticated Diffie-Hellman key exchanges, that are subject to Man-In-The-Middle (MITM) attacks
0x13,0x01  - TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256        TLSv1.3  Kx=any  Au=any    Enc=AESGCM(128)             Mac=AEAD
* eNULL contains null-encryption ciphers (cleartext)
0x13,0x02  - TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384        TLSv1.3  Kx=any  Au=any    Enc=AESGCM(256)             Mac=AEAD
* EXPORT are legacy weak ciphers that were marked as exportable by US law
0x13,0x03  -  TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256  TLSv1.3  Kx=any  Au=any    Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256)  Mac=AEAD
* RC4 contains ciphers that use the deprecated ARCFOUR algorithm
0xC0,0x2B  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256  TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=AESGCM(128)            Mac=AEAD
* DES contains ciphers that use the deprecated Data Encryption Standard
0xC0,0x2F  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256    TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(128)            Mac=AEAD
* SSLv2 contains all ciphers that were defined in the old version of the SSL standard, now deprecated
0xC0,0x2C  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384  TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=AESGCM(256)            Mac=AEAD
* MD5 contains all the ciphers that use the deprecated message digest 5 as the hashing algorithm
0xC0,0x30  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384    TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(256)             Mac=AEAD
 
0xCC,0xA9  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305  TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256)  Mac=AEAD
= Forward Secrecy =
0xCC,0xA8  -  ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305    TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA   Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256)  Mac=AEAD
 
0x00,0x9E  - DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256      TLSv1.2  Kx=DH   Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(128)            Mac=AEAD
The concept of forward secrecy is simple: client and server negotiate a key that never hits the wire, and is destroyed at the end of the session. The RSA private from the server is used to sign a Diffie-Hellman key exchange between the client and the server. The pre-master key obtained from the Diffie-Hellman handshake is then used for encryption. Since the pre-master key is specific to a connection between a client and a server, and used only for a limited amount of time, it is called Ephemeral.
0x00,0x9F  - DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384      TLSv1.2  Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(256)            Mac=AEAD
 
0xCC,0xAA  - DHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305      TLSv1.2  Kx=DH   Au=RSA    Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256)  Mac=AEAD
With Forward Secrecy, if an attacker gets a hold of the server's private key, it will not be able to decrypt past communications. The private key is only used to sign the DH handshake, which does not reveal the pre-master key. Diffie-Hellman ensures that the pre-master keys never leave the client and the server, and cannot be intercepted by a MITM.
 
== DHE handshake and dhparam ==
 
When an ephemeral Diffie-Hellman cipher is used, the server and the client negotiate a pre-master key using the Diffie-Hellman algorithm. This algorithm requires that the server sends the client a prime number and a generator. Neither are confidential, and are sent in clear text. However, they must be signed, such that a MITM cannot hijack the handshake.
 
As an example, TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 works as follow:
 
# Server sends Client a [[http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5246#section-7.4.3 SERVER KEY EXCHANGE]] message during the SSL Handshake. The message contains:
## Prime number ''p''
## Generator ''g''
## Server's Diffie-Hellman public value ''A = g^X mod p'', where ''X'' is a private integer chosen by the server at random, and never shared with the client.
## signature ''S'' of the above (plus two random values) computed using the Server's private RSA key
# Client verifies the signature ''S''
# Client sends server a [[http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5246#section-7.4.7 CLIENT KEY EXCHANGE]] message. The message contains:
## Client's Diffie-Hellman public value ''B = g^Y mod p'', where ''Y'' is a private integer chosen at random and never shared.
# The Server and the Client can now calculate the pre-master secret using each other's public values:
## server calculates ''PMS = B^X mod p''
## client calculates ''PMS = A^Y mod p''
# Client sends a [[http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5246#section-7.1 CHANGE CIPHER SPEC]] message to the server, and both parties continue the handshake using ENCRYPTED HANDSHAKE MESSAGES
 
The size of the prime number ''p'' constrains the size of the pre-master key ''PMS'', because of the modulo operation. A smaller prime almost means weaker values of ''A'' and ''B'', which could leak the secret values ''X'' and ''Y''. Thus, the prime ''p'' should not be smaller than the size of the RSA private key.
<source lang="bash">
$ openssl dhparam 2048
Generating DH parameters, 2048 bit long safe prime, generator 2
..+..+...............+
-----BEGIN DH PARAMETERS-----
MBYCEQCHU6UNZoHMF6bPtj21Hn/bAgEC.....
......
-----END DH PARAMETERS-----
</source>
</source>


= OCSP Stapling =
* Rationale:
When connecting to a server, clients should verify the validity of the server certificate using either a Certificate Revocation List (CRL), or an Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) record. The problem with CRL is that the lists have grown huge and takes forever to download.
** All cipher suites are [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_secrecy forward secret] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authenticated_encryption authenticated]
** TLS 1.2 is the minimum supported protocol, as recommended by [https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7525#section-3.1.1 RFC 7525], PCI DSS, and others
** ECDSA certificates are recommended over RSA certificates, as they allow the use of ECDHE with Windows 7 clients using Internet Explorer 11, as well as allow connections from IE11 on Windows Server 2008 R2
** The cipher suites are all strong and so we allow the client to choose, as they will know best if they have support for hardware-accelerated AES
** Windows XP (including all embedded versions) are no longer supported by Microsoft, eliminating the need for many older protocols and ciphers
** Administrators needing to provide access to [https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/viewClient.html?name=IE&version=11&platform=Win%207&key=36 IE 11 on Windows Server 2008 R2] and who are unable to switch to or add ECDSA certificates can add <tt>TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA</tt>
** While the goal is to support a broad range of clients, we reasonably disable a number of ciphers that have little support (such as ARIA, Camellia, 3DES, and SEED)
** 90 days is the recommended maximum certificate lifespan, to encourage certificate issuance automation


OCSP is much more lightweight, as only one record is retrieved at a time. But the side effect is that OCSP requests must be made to a 3rd party OCSP responder when connecting to a server, which adds latency and potential failures. In fact, the OCSP responders operated by CAs are often so unreliable that browser will fail silently if no response is received in a timely manner. This reduces security, by allowing an attacker to DoS an OCSP responder to disable the validation.
== <span style="color:gray;">'''Old'''</span> backward compatibility ==
 
The solution is to allow the server to send its cached OCSP record during the TLS handshake, therefore bypassing the OCSP responder. This mechanism saves a roundtrip between the client and the OCSP responder, and is called OCSP Stapling.
 
The server will send a cached OCSP response only if the client requests it, by announcing support for the '''status_request''' TLS extension in its CLIENT HELLO.
 
Most servers will cache OCSP response for up to 48 hours. At regular intervals, the server will connect to the OCSP responder of the CA to retrieve a fresh OCSP record. The location of the OCSP responder is taken from the Authority Information Access field of the signed certificate. For example, with StartSSL:
 
<pre>
Authority Information Access:
      OCSP - URI:http://ocsp.startssl.com/sub/class1/server/ca
</pre>
 
Support for OCSP Stapling can be tested using the '''-status''' option of the OpenSSL client.
 
<pre>
$ openssl s_client -connect monitor.mozillalabs.com:443 -status
...
======================================
OCSP Response Data:
    OCSP Response Status: successful (0x0)
    Response Type: Basic OCSP Response
    Version: 1 (0x0)
...
</pre>
 
= Recommended Server Configurations =
 
== Nginx ==
 
Nginx provides the best TLS support at the moment. It is the only daemon that provides OCSP Stapling, custom DH parameters, and the full flavor of TLS versions (from OpenSSL).
 
The detail of each configuration parameter, and how to build a recent Nginx with OpenSSL, is [[#Nginx_configuration_details|at the end of this document]].
 
<pre>
server {
    listen 443;
    ssl on;
 
    # certs sent to the client in SERVER HELLO are concatenated in ssl_certificate
    ssl_certificate /path/to/signed_cert_plus_intermediates;
    ssl_certificate_key /path/to/private_key;
    ssl_session_timeout 5m;
    ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:50m;
 
    # Diffie-Hellman parameter for DHE ciphersuites, recommended 2048 bits
    ssl_dhparam /path/to/dhparam.pem;
 
    # Intermediate configuration. tweak to your needs.
    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_ciphers 'ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128:AES256:AES:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK';
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    # Enable this if your want HSTS (recommended)
    # add_header Strict-Transport-Security max-age=15768000;
    # OCSP Stapling ---
    # fetch OCSP records from URL in ssl_certificate and cache them
    ssl_stapling on;
    ssl_stapling_verify on;
    ## verify chain of trust of OCSP response using Root CA and Intermediate certs
    ssl_trusted_certificate /path/to/root_CA_cert_plus_intermediates;
    resolver <IP DNS resolver>;
    ....
}
</pre>
 
== Apache ==
Apache supports OCSP Stapling, but only in httpd 2.3.3 and later.
 
In Apache 2.4.6, the DH parameter is always set to 1024 bits and is not user configurable. Future versions of Apache will automatically select a better value for the DH parameter.
The configuration below is recommended.
<pre>
<VirtualHost *:443>
    ...
    SSLEngine on
    SSLCertificateFile      /path/to/signed_certificate
    SSLCertificateChainFile /path/to/intermediate_certificate
    SSLCertificateKeyFile  /path/to/private/key
    SSLCACertificateFile    /path/to/all_ca_certs
 
    # Intermediate configuration, tweak to your needs
    SSLProtocol            all -SSLv2 -SSLv3
    SSLCipherSuite          ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128:AES256:AES:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK
    SSLHonorCipherOrder    on
    SSLCompression          off
 
    # OCSP Stapling, only in httpd 2.3.3 and later
    SSLUseStapling          on
    SSLStaplingResponderTimeout 5
    SSLStaplingReturnResponderErrors off
    SSLStaplingCache        shmcb:/var/run/ocsp(128000)
    # Enable this if your want HSTS (recommended)
    # Header add Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000"
    ...
</VirtualHost>
</pre>
 
== Haproxy ==
 
SSL support in Haproxy is stable in 1.5. Haproxy supports OCSP Stapling and custom DH parameters size. It can be used as a TLS termination in AWS using ELBs and the PROXY protocol. See [https://jve.linuxwall.info/ressources/taf/haproxy-aws/ Guidelines for HAProxy termination in AWS]
 
<pre>
global
    # set default parameters to the Intermediate configuration
    tune.ssl.default-dh-param 2048
    ssl-default-bind-ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128:AES256:AES:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK
 
frontend ft_test
    mode    http
    bind    0.0.0.0:443 ssl no-sslv3 crt /path/to/<cert+privkey+intermediate+dhparam>
    # Enable this if your want HSTS (recommended)
    # rspadd  Strict-Transport-Security:\ max-age=15768000
</pre>
== OCSP Stapling support ==
While HAProxy can serve OCSP stapled responses, it cannot fetch and update OCSP records from the CA automatically. The OCSP response must be downloaded by another process and placed next to the certificate, with a '.ocsp' extension.
<pre>
/etc/haproxy/certs/
├── ca.pem
├── server_cert.pem
├── server_bundle.pem
└── server_bundle.pem.ocsp
</pre>
The file 'server_bundle.pem.ocsp' must be retrieved and updated at regular intervals. A cronjob can be used for this:
<pre>
$ openssl ocsp -noverify -issuer /etc/haproxy/certs/ca.pem \
-cert /etc/haproxy/certs/server_cert.pem \
-url http://ocsp.startssl.com/sub/class1/server/ca \
-no_nonce -header Host ocsp.startssl.com \
-respout /etc/haproxy/certs/server_bundle.pem.ocsp
</pre>
The URL above is taken from the server certificate:
<pre>
$ openssl x509 -in server_cert.pem -text | grep OCSP
OCSP - URI:http://ocsp.startssl.com/sub/class1/server/ca
</pre>
 
== Stud ==
 
Stud is a lightweight SSL termination proxy. It's basically a wrapper for OpenSSL. Stud is not being heavily developed, and features such as OCSP stapling are missing. But it is very lightweight and efficient, and with a recent openssl, supports all the TLS 1.2 ciphers.
<pre>
# SSL x509 certificate file. REQUIRED.
# List multiple certs to use SNI. Certs are used in the order they
# are listed; the last cert listed will be used if none of the others match
#
# type: string
pem-file = "<concatenate cert + privkey + dhparam>"
# SSL protocol.
#
tls = on
ssl = on
# List of allowed SSL ciphers.
#
# Run openssl ciphers for list of available ciphers.
# type: string
ciphers = "<recommended ciphersuite from top of this page>"
# Enforce server cipher list order
#
# type: boolean
prefer-server-ciphers = on
</pre>
 
== Amazon Web Services Elastic Load Balancer (AWS ELB) ==
 
The ELB service supports TLS 1.2 and ciphers ordering, but lacks support for custom DH parameters and OCSP Stapling.


The default configuration of ELBs has old settings, that can be customized in the Web Console or via the API. We recommend that you use the [[Security/Server_Side_TLS#elb_ciphers.py]] to enforce the right TLS configuration on an elastic load balancer.
This configuration is compatible with a number of very old clients, and should be used only as a last resort.


Below is a side-by-side comparison of the 'intermediate' recommended configuration versus the default ELB configuration. The top ciphers are the same, but SSLv3 and various deprecated ciphers are removed from the intermediate configuration.
* Cipher suites (TLS 1.3): '''TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256'''
* Cipher suites (TLS 1.0 - 1.2): '''ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA:AES256-SHA:DES-CBC3-SHA'''
* Protocols: '''TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1, TLS 1.2, TLS 1.3'''
* TLS curves: '''X25519, prime256v1, secp384r1'''
* Certificate type: '''RSA (2048-bits)'''
* Certificate curve: '''None'''
* DH parameter size: '''1024''' (generated with <tt>openssl dhparam 1024</tt>)
* HSTS: '''max-age=63072000''' (two years)
* Certificate lifespan: '''90 days''' (recommended) to '''366 days'''
* Cipher preference: '''server chooses'''


<!-- This tabular openssl list can be produced by running "openssl ciphers -V" -->
<source>
<source>
= INTERMEDIATE configuration =                                               | = default ELB configuration =
0x13,0x01  -  TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256        TLSv1.3  Kx=any  Au=any    Enc=AESGCM(128)            Mac=AEAD
                                                                            |
0x13,0x02  -  TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384        TLSv1.3 Kx=any  Au=any    Enc=AESGCM(256)            Mac=AEAD
prio ciphersuite                  protocols              pfs_keysize        | prio ciphersuite                  protocols                    pfs_keysize
0x13,0x03 - TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256  TLSv1.3 Kx=any  Au=any    Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256)  Mac=AEAD
1    ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256  TLSv1.2               ECDH,P-256,256bits | 1    ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 TLSv1.2                     ECDH,P-256,256bits
0xC0,0x2B  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256  TLSv1.2 Kx=ECDH Au=ECDSA  Enc=AESGCM(128)            Mac=AEAD
2    ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256      TLSv1.2               ECDH,P-256,256bits | 2    ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256      TLSv1.2                     ECDH,P-256,256bits
0xC0,0x2F  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256   TLSv1.2 Kx=ECDH Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(128)            Mac=AEAD
3    ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA        TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2  ECDH,P-256,256bits | 3    ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA        SSLv3,TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2  ECDH,P-256,256bits
0xC0,0x2C  - ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384  TLSv1.2 Kx=ECDH Au=ECDSA  Enc=AESGCM(256)            Mac=AEAD
4    ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384  TLSv1.2               ECDH,P-256,256bits | 4    ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 TLSv1.2                     ECDH,P-256,256bits
0xC0,0x30  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384    TLSv1.2 Kx=ECDH Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(256)            Mac=AEAD
5    ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384     TLSv1.2               ECDH,P-256,256bits | 5    ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384     TLSv1.2                     ECDH,P-256,256bits
0xCC,0xA9  - ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305  TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH Au=ECDSA  Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256)  Mac=AEAD
6    ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA        TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2  ECDH,P-256,256bits | 6    ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA        SSLv3,TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2 ECDH,P-256,256bits
0xCC,0xA8  -  ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305    TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH Au=RSA    Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256)  Mac=AEAD
7    AES128-GCM-SHA256            TLSv1.2                                  | 7    AES128-GCM-SHA256            TLSv1.2
0x00,0x9E  - DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256      TLSv1.2 Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(128)            Mac=AEAD
8    AES128-SHA256                TLSv1.2                                  | 8    AES128-SHA256               TLSv1.2
0x00,0x9F  -  DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384     TLSv1.2 Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(256)            Mac=AEAD
9    AES128-SHA                  TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2                    | 9    AES128-SHA                  SSLv3,TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2
0xCC,0xAA  - DHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305     TLSv1.2 Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256)  Mac=AEAD
10    AES256-GCM-SHA384           TLSv1.2                                   | 10    AES256-GCM-SHA384            TLSv1.2
0xC0,0x23  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256     TLSv1.2 Kx=ECDH Au=ECDSA  Enc=AES(128)                Mac=SHA256
11    AES256-SHA256                TLSv1.2                                   | 11   AES256-SHA256               TLSv1.2
0xC0,0x27  - ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256        TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)                Mac=SHA256
12    AES256-SHA                  TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2                    | 12    AES256-SHA                  SSLv3,TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2
0xC0,0x09  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA        TLSv1   Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=AES(128)                Mac=SHA1
13    DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA           TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2 DH,1024bits        | 13    DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA          SSLv3,TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2 DH,1024bits
0xC0,0x13 -  ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA          TLSv1   Kx=ECDH Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)               Mac=SHA1
14    CAMELLIA128-SHA              TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2                    | 14    ECDHE-RSA-RC4-SHA            SSLv3,TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2  ECDH,P-256,256bits
0xC0,0x24  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384     TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=AES(256)                Mac=SHA384
15   DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384   TLSv1.2               DH,1024bits        | 15    RC4-SHA                      SSLv3,TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2
0xC0,0x28  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384        TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA   Enc=AES(256)               Mac=SHA384
16    DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256       TLSv1.2                DH,1024bits        |
0xC0,0x0A - ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA         TLSv1   Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=AES(256)                Mac=SHA1
17    DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA          TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2  DH,1024bits        | Certificate: trusted, 2048 bit, sha256WithRSAEncryption signature
0xC0,0x14 - ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA          TLSv1   Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)                Mac=SHA1
18    CAMELLIA256-SHA             TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2                     | TLS ticket lifetime hint: 300
0x00,0x67 -  DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256          TLSv1.2  Kx=DH   Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)               Mac=SHA256
19    DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256   TLSv1.2                DH,1024bits        | OCSP stapling: not supported
0x00,0x6B - DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256         TLSv1.2 Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)               Mac=SHA256
20    DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256       TLSv1.2                DH,1024bits        |
0x00,0x9C  - AES128-GCM-SHA256              TLSv1.2  Kx=RSA  Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(128)            Mac=AEAD
                                                                            |
0x00,0x9D  - AES256-GCM-SHA384             TLSv1.2  Kx=RSA  Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(256)            Mac=AEAD
Certificate: trusted, 2048 bit, sha256WithRSAEncryption signature            |
0x00,0x3C  - AES128-SHA256                 TLSv1.2 Kx=RSA  Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)               Mac=SHA256
TLS ticket lifetime hint: 300                                                |
0x00,0x3D - AES256-SHA256                 TLSv1.2 Kx=RSA  Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)               Mac=SHA256
OCSP stapling: not supported                                                |
0x00,0x2F  -  AES128-SHA                    SSLv3    Kx=RSA  Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)                Mac=SHA1
</source>
0x00,0x35  -  AES256-SHA                    SSLv3    Kx=RSA  Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)               Mac=SHA1
 
0x00,0x0A  -  DES-CBC3-SHA                  SSLv3   Kx=RSA  Au=RSA    Enc=3DES(168)              Mac=SHA1
If you want better control over TLS than ELB provide, another option in AWS is to terminate SSL on HAproxy, using the PROXY protocol between ELB and HAproxy. https://jve.linuxwall.info/ressources/taf/haproxy-aws/
 
== Zeus Load Balancer(Riverbed Stingray) ==
ZLB supports TLS1.1 and OCSP Stapling. It lacks support for TLS 1.2, Elliptic Curves and AES-GCM.
As of Riverbed Steelhead 9.6, TLS parameters are configurable per site. Sites that don't need backward compatibility are encourage to remove support for SSLv3, TLSv1.0, and 3DES. OCSP Stapling must be enabled on all sites.
 
The recommended prioritization is:
# SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
# SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
# SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
# SSL_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
# SSL_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
# SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
 
The following strings can be used directly in the ZLB configuration, under global settings > ssl3_ciphers.
'''with 3DES'''
<source lang="bash">
SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA,SSL_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,SSL_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
</source>
'''without 3DES'''
<source lang="bash">
SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,SSL_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,SSL_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
</source>
</source>


While the recommended DH prime size is 2048, problems with client libraries, such as Java 6, make this impossible to deploy for now. Therefore, a DH prime of 1024 bits should be used until all clients are compatible with larger primes.
* Rationale:
 
** Take a hard look at your infrastructure needs before using this configuration; it is intended for special use cases only
== Citrix Netscaler ==
** If possible, use this configuration only for endpoints that require it, segregating it from other traffic
** SSLv3 has been disabled entirely, ending support for older Windows XP SP2 clients. Users requiring support for Windows XP SP2 may use [[Security/Archive/Server Side TLS 4.0|previous versions]] of this configuration, with the caveat that SSLv3 is no longer safe to use
** This configuration requires custom builds to work with modern versions of OpenSSL, using <tt>enable-ssl3</tt>, <tt>enable-ssl3-method</tt>, <tt>enable-deprecated</tt>, and <tt>enable-weak-ssl-ciphers</tt>
** Most ciphers that are not clearly broken and dangerous to use are supported


There is an issue with Netscaler's TLS1.2 and DHE ciphers. When DHE is used, the TLS handshake fails with a fatal 'Decode error'.
= JSON version of the recommendations =
TLS1.2 works fine with AES and RC4 ciphers.


Netscaler documentation is at http://support.citrix.com/proddocs/topic/netscaler-traffic-management-10-map/ns-ssl-supported-ciphers-list-ref.html
<p style="max-width: 60em;">Mozilla also maintains [https://ssl-config.mozilla.org/guidelines/5.7.json these recommendations] in JSON format, for automated system configuration. This location is versioned and permanent, and can be referenced in scripts and tools. The file will not change, to avoid breaking tools when we update the recommendations.</p>


The configuration sample below shows how a default ciphersuite object can be created and attached to a vserver.
<p style="max-width: 60em;">We also maintain a [https://ssl-config.mozilla.org/guidelines/latest.json rolling version] of these recommendations, with the caveat that they may change '''without warning''' and '''without providing backwards compatibility'''. As it may break things if you use it to automatically configure your servers without review, we recommend you use the [https://ssl-config.mozilla.org/guidelines/5.7.json version-specific file] instead.</p>


First, create a default ciphersuite that can be used in all vservers.
= Version History =
<pre>
> add ssl cipher MozillaDefault
> bind ssl cipher MozillaSecure -cipherName TLS1-DHE-DSS-AES-128-CBC-SHA
> bind ssl cipher MozillaSecure -cipherName TLS1-DHE-RSA-AES-128-CBC-SHA
> bind ssl cipher MozillaSecure -cipherName TLS1-DHE-DSS-AES-256-CBC-SHA
> bind ssl cipher MozillaSecure -cipherName TLS1-DHE-RSA-AES-256-CBC-SHA
> bind ssl cipher MozillaSecure -cipherName TLS1-AES-128-CBC-SHA
> bind ssl cipher MozillaSecure -cipherName TLS1-AES-256-CBC-SHA
> bind ssl cipher MozillaSecure -cipherName SSL3-DES-CBC3-SHA
</pre>
 
Second, create a DH parameter. If backward compatibility with Java 6 isn't needed, use 2048 instead of 1024.
<pre>
> create ssl dhparam /nsconfig/ssl/dh1024.pem 1024 -gen 5
</pre>
 
Third, configure the vserver to use the default ciphersuite and DH parameter.
<pre>
> add ssl certKey <domain> -cert <cert> -key <key>
> add ssl certKey <intermediateCertName> -cert <intermediateCertName>
> link ssl certKey <domain> <intermediateCertName>
> set ssl vserver <domain>:https -eRSA ENABLED
> bind ssl vserver <domain>:https -cipherName MozillaDefault
> set ssl vserver <domain>:https -dh ENABLED -dhFile /nsconfig/ssl/dh1024.pem -dhCount 1000
</pre>
 
The resulting configuration can be viewed with 'show ssl'
<pre>
> show ssl vserver marketplace.firefox.com:https
 
    Advanced SSL configuration for VServer marketplace.firefox.com:https:
    DH: ENABLED    DHParam File: /nsconfig/ssl/dh1024.pem    Refresh Count: 1000
    Ephemeral RSA: ENABLED        Refresh Count: 0
    Session Reuse: ENABLED        Timeout: 120 seconds
    Cipher Redirect: DISABLED
    SSLv2 Redirect: DISABLED
    ClearText Port: 0
    Client Auth: DISABLED
    SSL Redirect: DISABLED
    Non FIPS Ciphers: DISABLED
    SNI: DISABLED
    SSLv2: DISABLED    SSLv3: ENABLED    TLSv1: ENABLED
    Push Encryption Trigger: Always
    Send Close-Notify: YES
 
1)    CertKey Name: marketplace.mozilla.org.san    Server Certificate
1)    Cipher Name: MozillaSecure    Description: User Created Cipher Group
</pre>
 
= CipherScan =
 
See https://github.com/jvehent/cipherscan
 
Cipherscan is a small Bash script that connects to a target and list the preferred Ciphers. It's an easy way to test a web server for available ciphers, PFS key size, elliptic curves, support for OCSP Stapling, TLS ticket lifetime and certificate trust.
 
<source lang="bash">
$ ./cipherscan jve.linuxwall.info
..........................
prio  ciphersuite                  protocols              pfs_keysize
1    ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256  TLSv1.2                ECDH,P-256,256bits
2    ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384  TLSv1.2                ECDH,P-256,256bits
3    DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384    TLSv1.2                DH,4096bits
4    DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256    TLSv1.2                DH,4096bits
5    ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256      TLSv1.2                ECDH,P-256,256bits
6    ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA        TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2  ECDH,P-256,256bits
7    ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384      TLSv1.2                ECDH,P-256,256bits
8    ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA        TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2  ECDH,P-256,256bits
9    DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256        TLSv1.2                DH,4096bits
10    DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA          TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2  DH,4096bits
11    DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256        TLSv1.2                DH,4096bits
12    AES128-GCM-SHA256            TLSv1.2
13    AES256-GCM-SHA384            TLSv1.2
14    ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA      TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2  ECDH,P-256,256bits
15    EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA        TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2  DH,4096bits
16    DES-CBC3-SHA                TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2
17    DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA          TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2  DH,4096bits
18    DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA256-SHA      TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2  DH,4096bits
19    AES256-SHA256                TLSv1.2
20    AES256-SHA                  TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2
21    CAMELLIA256-SHA              TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2
22    DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA128-SHA      TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2  DH,4096bits
23    AES128-SHA256                TLSv1.2
24    AES128-SHA                  TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2
25    CAMELLIA128-SHA              TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2
 
Certificate: trusted, 2048 bit, sha1WithRSAEncryption signature
TLS ticket lifetime hint: 300
OCSP stapling: supported
</source>
 
= SSL Labs (Qualys) =
 
Available here: https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/
 
Qualys SSL Labs provides a comprehensive SSL testing suite.
 
GlobalSign has a modified interface of SSL Labs that is interesting as well: https://sslcheck.globalsign.com/
 
= elb_ciphers.py =
This python script uses boto to create a TLS policy and apply it to a given load balancer. Make sure you have an AWS access key configured in ~/.boto to use this script, then invoke it as follow:
<source lang="bash">
$ python cipher.py us-east-1 stooge-lb-prod-1 modern
New Policy 'Mozilla-OpSec-TLS-Modern-v-3-2' created and applied to load balancer stooge-lb-prod-1 in us-east-1
</source>
If no mode is specified, the intermediate mode will be used. The modes are 'old', 'intermediate' and 'modern', and map to the recommended configurations.
<source lang="python">
#!/usr/bin/env python
 
# Apply recommendation from https://wiki.mozilla.org/Security/Server_Side_TLS
 
# This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
# License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
# file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
#
# Contributors:
# Gene Wood [:gene]
# Julien Vehent [:ulfr]
# JP Schneider [:jp]
 
import boto.ec2.elb
import sys
 
if len(sys.argv) < 3:
  print "usage : %s REGION ELB-NAME <MODE>" % sys.argv[0]
  print ""
  print "Example : %s us-west-2 persona-org-0810" % sys.argv[0]
  print "MODE can be 'old', 'intermediate' (default) or 'modern'"
  print "see https://wiki.mozilla.org/Security/Server_Side_TLS"
  sys.exit(1)
 
region = sys.argv[1]
load_balancer_name = sys.argv[2]
try:
    conf_mode = sys.argv[3]
except IndexError:
    conf_mode = 'intermediate'
conn_elb = boto.ec2.elb.connect_to_region(region)
 
#import logging
#logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
 
policy = {'old':{},
          'intermediate':{},
          'modern':{}}
 
policy['old']['name'] = 'Mozilla-OpSec-TLS-Old-v-3-2'
policy['old']['ciphersuite'] = {
                "ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256": True,
                "ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256": True,
                "ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256": True,
                "ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256": True,
                "ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA": True,
                "ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA": True,
                "ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384": True,
                "ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384": True,
                "ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384": True,
                "ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384": True,
                "ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA": True,
                "ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA": True,
                "ADH-AES128-GCM-SHA256": False,
                "ADH-AES256-GCM-SHA384": False,
                "ADH-AES128-SHA": False,
                "ADH-AES128-SHA256": False,
                "ADH-AES256-SHA": False,
                "ADH-AES256-SHA256": False,
                "ADH-CAMELLIA128-SHA": False,
                "ADH-CAMELLIA256-SHA": False,
                "ADH-DES-CBC3-SHA": False,
                "ADH-DES-CBC-SHA": False,
                "ADH-RC4-MD5": False,
                "ADH-SEED-SHA": False,
                "AES128-GCM-SHA256": True,
                "AES256-GCM-SHA384": True,
                "AES128-SHA": True,
                "AES128-SHA256": True,
                "AES256-SHA": True,
                "AES256-SHA256": True,
                "CAMELLIA128-SHA": True,
                "CAMELLIA256-SHA": True,
                "DES-CBC3-MD5": False,
                "DES-CBC3-SHA": True,
                "DES-CBC-MD5": False,
                "DES-CBC-SHA": False,
                "DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256": True,
                "DHE-DSS-AES256-GCM-SHA384": True,
                "DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA": True,
                "DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256": True,
                "DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA": True,
                "DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA256": True,
                "DHE-DSS-CAMELLIA128-SHA": False,
                "DHE-DSS-CAMELLIA256-SHA": False,
                "DHE-DSS-SEED-SHA": False,
                "DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256": True,
                "DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384": True,
                "DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA": True,
                "DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256": True,
                "DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA": True,
                "DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256": True,
                "DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA128-SHA": False,
                "DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA256-SHA": False,
                "DHE-RSA-SEED-SHA": False,
                "EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA": False,
                "EDH-DSS-DES-CBC-SHA": False,
                "EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA": False,
                "EDH-RSA-DES-CBC-SHA": False,
                "EXP-ADH-DES-CBC-SHA": False,
                "EXP-ADH-RC4-MD5": False,
                "EXP-DES-CBC-SHA": False,
                "EXP-EDH-DSS-DES-CBC-SHA": False,
                "EXP-EDH-RSA-DES-CBC-SHA": False,
                "EXP-KRB5-DES-CBC-MD5": False,
                "EXP-KRB5-DES-CBC-SHA": False,
                "EXP-KRB5-RC2-CBC-MD5": False,
                "EXP-KRB5-RC2-CBC-SHA": False,
                "EXP-KRB5-RC4-MD5": False,
                "EXP-KRB5-RC4-SHA": False,
                "EXP-RC2-CBC-MD5": False,
                "EXP-RC4-MD5": False,
                "IDEA-CBC-SHA": False,
                "KRB5-DES-CBC3-MD5": False,
                "KRB5-DES-CBC3-SHA": False,
                "KRB5-DES-CBC-MD5": False,
                "KRB5-DES-CBC-SHA": False,
                "KRB5-RC4-MD5": False,
                "KRB5-RC4-SHA": False,
                "PSK-3DES-EDE-CBC-SHA": False,
                "PSK-AES128-CBC-SHA": False,
                "PSK-AES256-CBC-SHA": False,
                "PSK-RC4-SHA": False,
                "RC2-CBC-MD5": False,
                "RC4-MD5": False,
                "RC4-SHA": False,
                "SEED-SHA": False,
                "Protocol-SSLv2": False,
                "Protocol-SSLv3": True,
                "Protocol-TLSv1": True,
                "Protocol-TLSv1.1": True,
                "Protocol-TLSv1.2": True,
                "Server-Defined-Cipher-Order": True
                }
 
# reuse the Old policy minus SSLv3 and 3DES
policy['intermediate']['name'] = 'Mozilla-OpSec-TLS-Intermediate-v-3-2'
policy['intermediate']['ciphersuite'] = policy['old']['ciphersuite'].copy()
policy['intermediate']['ciphersuite'].update(
    {"Protocol-SSLv3": False,
    "DES-CBC3-SHA": False})
 
# reuse the intermediate policy minus TLSv1 and non PFS ciphers
policy['modern']['name'] = 'Mozilla-OpSec-TLS-Modern-v-3-2'
policy['modern']['ciphersuite'] = policy['intermediate']['ciphersuite'].copy()
policy['modern']['ciphersuite'].update(
    {"Protocol-TLSv1": False,
    "AES128-GCM-SHA256": False,
    "AES256-GCM-SHA384": False,
    "DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA": False,
    "AES128-SHA256": False,
    "AES128-SHA": False,
    "DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA256": False,
    "AES256-SHA256": False,
    "AES256-SHA": False,
    "CAMELLIA128-SHA": False,
    "CAMELLIA256-SHA": False})
 
if not conf_mode in policy.keys():
    print "Invalid policy name, must be one of %s" % policy.keys()
    sys.exit(1)
 
# Create the Ciphersuite Policy
params = {'LoadBalancerName': load_balancer_name,
          'PolicyName': policy[conf_mode]['name'],
          'PolicyTypeName': 'SSLNegotiationPolicyType'}
conn_elb.build_complex_list_params(
    params,
    [(x, policy[conf_mode]['ciphersuite'][x]) for x in policy[conf_mode]['ciphersuite'].keys()],
    'PolicyAttributes.member',
    ('AttributeName', 'AttributeValue'))
policy_result = conn_elb.get_list('CreateLoadBalancerPolicy', params, None, verb='POST')
 
# Apply the Ciphersuite Policy to your ELB
params = {'LoadBalancerName': load_balancer_name,
          'LoadBalancerPort': 443,
          'PolicyNames.member.1': policy[conf_mode]['name']}
 
result = conn_elb.get_list('SetLoadBalancerPoliciesOfListener', params, None)
print "New Policy '%s' created and applied to load balancer %s in %s" % (
    policy[conf_mode]['name'],
    load_balancer_name,
    region)
</source>
 
= Appendices =
== Supported ciphers on various systems ==
 
On a variety of ~900 systems (RHEL5 & 6, CentOS 5 & 6 and Ubuntu), the following versions of OpenSSL were found:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
| 37 || OpenSSL 0.9.8e-fips-rhel5 01 Jul 2008
! Version
|-
! Editor
| 35 || OpenSSL 0.9.8k 25 Mar 2009
! Changes
|-
| 777 || OpenSSL 1.0.0-fips 29 Mar 2010
|-
| 18 || OpenSSL 1.0.1 14 Mar 2012
|}
 
The recommended ciphersuite was tested on each system. The list below shows the ciphersuites supported by all tested systems. However old your setup may be, it is safe to assume that the following ciphers are going to be available:
* RC4-SHA
* DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA
* DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA
* AES128-SHA
* AES256-SHA
* DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA
* DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA
 
== Attacks on TLS ==
=== BEAST CVE-2011-3389 ===
 
Beast is a vulnerability in the Initialization Vector (IV) of the CBC mode of AES, Camellia and a few other ciphers that use CBC mode. The attack allows a  MITM attacker to recover plaintext values by encrypting the same message multiple times.
 
BEAST is mitigated in TLS1.1 and above.
 
more: https://blog.torproject.org/blog/tor-and-beast-ssl-attack
 
=== LUCKY13 ===
 
Lucky13 is another attack on CBC mode that listen for padding checks to decrypt ciphertext.
 
more: https://www.imperialviolet.org/2013/02/04/luckythirteen.html
 
=== RC4 weaknesses ===
 
It has been proven that RC4 biases in the first 256 bytes of a cipherstream can be used to recover encrypted text. If the same data is encrypted a very large number of times, then an attacker can apply statistical analysis to the results and recover the encrypted text. While hard to perform, this attack shows that it is time to remove RC4 from the list of trusted ciphers.
 
In a public discussion ([[https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=927045 bug 927045]]), it has been recommended to replace RC4 with 3DES. This would impact Internet Explorer 7 and 8 users that, depending on the OS, do not support AES, and will negotiate only RC4 or 3DES ciphers. Internet Explorer uses the cryptographic library “schannel”, which is OS dependent. schannel supports AES in Windows Vista, but not in Windows XP.
While 3DES provides more resistant cryptography, it is also 30 times slower and more cpu intensive than RC4. For large web infrastructure, the CPU cost of replacing 3DES with RC4 is non-zero. For this reason, we recommend that administrators evaluate their traffic patterns, and make the decision of replacing RC4 with 3DES on a per-case basis. At Mozilla, we evaluated that the impact on CPU usage is minor, and thus decided to replace RC4 with 3DES where backward compatibility is required.
 
=== CRIME CVE-2012-4929 ===
 
The root cause of the problem is information leakage that occurs when data is compressed prior to encryption. If someone can repeatedly inject and mix arbitrary content with some sensitive and relatively predictable data, and observe the resulting encrypted stream, then he will be able to extract the unknown data from it.
 
more: https://community.qualys.com/blogs/securitylabs/2012/09/14/crime-information-leakage-attack-against-ssltls
 
=== BREACH ===
 
This is a more complex attack than CRIME, which does not require TLS-level compression (it still needs HTTP-level compression).
 
In order to be successful, it requires to:
 
# Be served from a server that uses HTTP-level compression
# Reflect user-input in HTTP response bodies
# Reflect a secret (such as a CSRF token) in HTTP response bodies
 
more: http://breachattack.com/
 
== SPDY ==
 
(see also http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPDY and http://www.chromium.org/spdy/spdy-protocol)
 
SPDY is a protocol that incorporate TLS, which attempts to reduce latency when loading pages. It is currently not an HTTP standard (albeit it is being drafted for HTTP 2.0), but is widely supported.
 
SPDY version 3 is vulnerable to the CRIME attack (see also http://zoompf.com/2012/09/explaining-the-crime-weakness-in-spdy-and-ssl) - this is due to the use of compression. Clients currently implement a non-standard hack in with gzip in order to circumvent the vulnerability. SPDY version 4 is planned to include a proper fix.
 
== TLS tickets (RFC 5077) ==
 
Once a TLS handshake has been negociated between the server and the client, both may exchange a session ticket, which contains an AES-CBC 128bit key which can decrypt the session. This key is generally static and only regenerated when the web server is restarted (with recent versions of Apache, it's stored in a file and also kept upon restarts).
 
The current work-around is to disable RFC 5077 support.
 
more: https://media.blackhat.com/us-13/US-13-Daigniere-TLS-Secrets-Slides.pdf
 
== Cipher names correspondence table ==
IANA, OpenSSL and GnuTLS use different naming for the same ciphers. The table below matches some of these ciphers:
{|  class=wikitable
|-
! scope="col" | hex value
! scope="col" | IANA
! scope="col" | OpenSSL
! scope="col" | GnuTLS
! scope="col" | NSS
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x00
| TLS_NULL_WITH_NULL_NULL
|
|
| SSL_NULL_WITH_NULL_NULL
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x01
| TLS_RSA_WITH_NULL_MD5
| NULL-MD5
| TLS_RSA_NULL_MD5
| SSL_RSA_WITH_NULL_MD5
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x02
| TLS_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA
| NULL-SHA
| TLS_RSA_NULL_SHA1
| SSL_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x03
| TLS_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5
| EXP-RC4-MD5
| TLS_RSA_EXPORT_ARCFOUR_40_MD5
| SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x04
| TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5
| RC4-MD5
| TLS_RSA_ARCFOUR_MD5
| SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x05
| TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
| RC4-SHA
| TLS_RSA_ARCFOUR_SHA1
| SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x06
| TLS_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC2_CBC_40_MD5
| EXP-RC2-CBC-MD5
|
| SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC2_CBC_40_MD5
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x07
| TLS_RSA_WITH_IDEA_CBC_SHA
| IDEA-CBC-SHA
|
| SSL_RSA_WITH_IDEA_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x08
| TLS_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA
| EXP-DES-CBC-SHA
|
| SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x09
| TLS_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA
| DES-CBC-SHA
|
| SSL_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x0A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
| DES-CBC3-SHA
| TLS_RSA_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA1
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x0B
| TLS_DH_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x0C
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x0D
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x0E
| TLS_DH_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x0F
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x10
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
|
|
| SSL_DH_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x11
| TLS_DHE_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA
| EXP-EDH-DSS-DES-CBC-SHA
|
| SSL_DHE_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x12
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA
| EDH-DSS-DES-CBC-SHA
|
| SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x13
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
| EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA
| TLS_DHE_DSS_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA1
| SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x14
| TLS_DHE_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA
| EXP-EDH-RSA-DES-CBC-SHA
|
| SSL_DHE_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x15
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA
| EDH-RSA-DES-CBC-SHA
|
| SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x16
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
| EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA
| TLS_DHE_RSA_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA1
| SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x17
| TLS_DH_anon_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5
| EXP-ADH-RC4-MD5
|
| SSL_DH_ANON_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x18
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_RC4_128_MD5
| ADH-RC4-MD5
| TLS_DH_ANON_ARCFOUR_MD5
| SSL_DH_ANON_WITH_RC4_128_MD5
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x19
| TLS_DH_anon_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA
| EXP-ADH-DES-CBC-SHA
|
| SSL_DH_ANON_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x1A
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA
| ADH-DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x1B
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
| ADH-DES-CBC3-SHA
| TLS_DH_ANON_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA1
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x1E
| TLS_KRB5_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA
| KRB5-DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x1F
| TLS_KRB5_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
| KRB5-DES-CBC3-SHA
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x20
| TLS_KRB5_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
| KRB5-RC4-SHA
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x21
| TLS_KRB5_WITH_IDEA_CBC_SHA
| KRB5-IDEA-CBC-SHA
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x22
| TLS_KRB5_WITH_DES_CBC_MD5
| KRB5-DES-CBC-MD5
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x23
| TLS_KRB5_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_MD5
| KRB5-DES-CBC3-MD5
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x24
| TLS_KRB5_WITH_RC4_128_MD5
| KRB5-RC4-MD5
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x25
| TLS_KRB5_WITH_IDEA_CBC_MD5
| KRB5-IDEA-CBC-MD5
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x26
| TLS_KRB5_EXPORT_WITH_DES_CBC_40_SHA
| EXP-KRB5-DES-CBC-SHA
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x27
| TLS_KRB5_EXPORT_WITH_RC2_CBC_40_SHA
| EXP-KRB5-RC2-CBC-SHA
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x28
| TLS_KRB5_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_SHA
| EXP-KRB5-RC4-SHA
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x29
| TLS_KRB5_EXPORT_WITH_DES_CBC_40_MD5
| EXP-KRB5-DES-CBC-MD5
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x2A
| TLS_KRB5_EXPORT_WITH_RC2_CBC_40_MD5
| EXP-KRB5-RC2-CBC-MD5
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x2B
| TLS_KRB5_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5
| EXP-KRB5-RC4-MD5
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x2C
| TLS_PSK_WITH_NULL_SHA
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x2D
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_NULL_SHA
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x2E
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_NULL_SHA
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x2F
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
| AES128-SHA
| TLS_RSA_AES_128_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x30
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
|
|
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x31
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
|
|
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x32
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
| DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA
| TLS_DHE_DSS_AES_128_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x33
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
| DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA
| TLS_DHE_RSA_AES_128_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x34
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
| ADH-AES128-SHA
| TLS_DH_ANON_AES_128_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_DH_ANON_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x35
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
| AES256-SHA
| TLS_RSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x36
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
|
|
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x37
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
|
|
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x38
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
| DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA
| TLS_DHE_DSS_AES_256_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x39
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
| DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA
| TLS_DHE_RSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x3A
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
| ADH-AES256-SHA
| TLS_DH_ANON_AES_256_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_DH_ANON_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x3B
| TLS_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA256
| NULL-SHA256
| TLS_RSA_NULL_SHA256
| TLS_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA256
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x3C
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
| AES128-SHA256
| TLS_RSA_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x3D
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
| AES256-SHA256
| TLS_RSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x3E
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x3F
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x40
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
| DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256
DES-CBC-MD5
| TLS_DHE_DSS_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x41
| TLS_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA
| CAMELLIA128-SHA
| TLS_RSA_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x42
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA
|
|
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x43
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA
|
|
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x44
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA
| DHE-DSS-CAMELLIA128-SHA
| TLS_DHE_DSS_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x45
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA
| DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA128-SHA
| TLS_DHE_RSA_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x46
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA
| ADH-CAMELLIA128-SHA
| TLS_DH_ANON_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_DH_ANON_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x67
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
| DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256
| TLS_DHE_RSA_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x68
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x69
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x6A
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
| DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA256
| TLS_DHE_DSS_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x6B
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
| DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256
| TLS_DHE_RSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x6C
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
| ADH-AES128-SHA256
| TLS_DH_ANON_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x6D
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
| ADH-AES256-SHA256
| TLS_DH_ANON_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x84
| TLS_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA
| CAMELLIA256-SHA
| TLS_RSA_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x85
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA
|
|
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x86
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA
|
|
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x87
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA
| DHE-DSS-CAMELLIA256-SHA
| TLS_DHE_DSS_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x88
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA
| DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA256-SHA
| TLS_DHE_RSA_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x89
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA
| ADH-CAMELLIA256-SHA
| TLS_DH_ANON_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_DH_ANON_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x8A
| TLS_PSK_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
| PSK-RC4-SHA
| TLS_PSK_SHA_ARCFOUR_SHA1
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x8B
| TLS_PSK_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
| PSK-3DES-EDE-CBC-SHA
| TLS_PSK_SHA_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA1
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x8C
| TLS_PSK_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
| PSK-AES128-CBC-SHA
| TLS_PSK_SHA_AES_128_CBC_SHA1
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x8D
| TLS_PSK_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
| PSK-AES256-CBC-SHA
| TLS_PSK_SHA_AES_256_CBC_SHA1
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x8E
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
|
| TLS_DHE_PSK_SHA_ARCFOUR_SHA1
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x8F
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
|
| TLS_DHE_PSK_SHA_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA1
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x90
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
|
| TLS_DHE_PSK_SHA_AES_128_CBC_SHA1
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x91
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
|
| TLS_DHE_PSK_SHA_AES_256_CBC_SHA1
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x92
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x93
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x94
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x95
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x96
| TLS_RSA_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA
| SEED-SHA
|
| TLS_RSA_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x97
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x98
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x99
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA
| DHE-DSS-SEED-SHA
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x9A
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA
| DHE-RSA-SEED-SHA
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x9B
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_SEED_CBC_SHA
| ADH-SEED-SHA
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x9C
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
| AES128-GCM-SHA256
| TLS_RSA_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x9D
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
| AES256-GCM-SHA384
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x9E
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
| DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256
| TLS_DHE_RSA_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0x9F
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
| DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xA0
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xA1
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xA2
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
| DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256
| TLS_DHE_DSS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xA3
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
| DHE-DSS-AES256-GCM-SHA384
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xA4
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xA5
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xA6
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
| ADH-AES128-GCM-SHA256
| TLS_DH_ANON_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xA7
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
| ADH-AES256-GCM-SHA384
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xA8
| TLS_PSK_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
|
| TLS_PSK_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xA9
| TLS_PSK_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
|
| TLS_PSK_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xAA
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
|
| TLS_DHE_PSK_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xAB
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
|
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xAC
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xAD
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xAE
| TLS_PSK_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
|
| TLS_PSK_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xAF
| TLS_PSK_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xB0
| TLS_PSK_WITH_NULL_SHA256
|
| TLS_PSK_NULL_SHA256
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xB1
| TLS_PSK_WITH_NULL_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xB2
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
|
| TLS_DHE_PSK_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xB3
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xB4
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_NULL_SHA256
|
| TLS_DHE_PSK_NULL_SHA256
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xB5
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_NULL_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xB6
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xB7
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xB8
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_NULL_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xB9
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_NULL_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xBA
| TLS_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xBB
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xBC
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xBD
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xBE
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xBF
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xC0
| TLS_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA256
| DES-CBC3-MD5
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xC1
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xC2
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xC3
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xC4
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xC5
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0x00,0xFF
| TLS_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV
|
|
| TLS_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x01
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_NULL_SHA
| ECDH-ECDSA-NULL-SHA
|
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_NULL_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x02
| style="text-align: center;" | 5.7
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Gene Wood
| ECDH-ECDSA-RC4-SHA
| Add DHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305 cipher to the Intermediate configuration
|
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x03
| style="text-align: center;" | 5.6
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | April King
| ECDH-ECDSA-DES-CBC3-SHA
| Fixed incorrect cipher ordering for the Intermediate configuration
|  
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x04
| style="text-align: center;" | 5.5
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | April King
| ECDH-ECDSA-AES128-SHA
| Update certificate lifespan to reflect browser policy changes
|  
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x05
| style="text-align: center;" | 5.3
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | April King
| ECDH-ECDSA-AES256-SHA
| Bump links to point to 5.3 guidelines, since it fixes a small JSON error
|  
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x06
| style="text-align: center;" | 5.0.1
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_NULL_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | April King
| ECDHE-ECDSA-NULL-SHA
| Add note about IE 11 on Windows Server 2008 R2
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_NULL_SHA1
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_NULL_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x07
| style="text-align: center;" | 5.0
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | April King
| ECDHE-ECDSA-RC4-SHA
| Server Side TLS 5.0
|  
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x08
| style="text-align: center;" | 4.2
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | April King
| ECDHE-ECDSA-DES-CBC3-SHA
| Updated cipher suite table
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x09
| style="text-align: center;" | 4.1
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
| ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA
| Clarify Logjam notes, Clarify risk of TLS Tickets
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_AES_128_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x0A
| style="text-align: center;" | 4
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
| ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA
| Recommend ECDSA in modern level, remove DSS ciphers, publish configurations as JSON
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x0B
| style="text-align: center;" | 3.8
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
| ECDH-RSA-NULL-SHA
| redo cipher names chart (April King), move version chart (April King), update Intermediate cipher suite (ulfr)
|  
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x0C
| style="text-align: center;" | 3.7
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
| ECDH-RSA-RC4-SHA
| cleanup version table (April King), add F5 conf samples (warburtron), add notes about DHE (rgacogne)
|  
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x0D
| style="text-align: center;" | 3.6
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
| ECDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA
| bump intermediate DHE to 2048, add note about java compatibility
|  
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x0E
| style="text-align: center;" | 3.5
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | alm
| ECDH-RSA-AES128-SHA
| comment on weakdh vulnerability
|  
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x0F
| style="text-align: center;" | 3.4
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
| ECDH-RSA-AES256-SHA
| added note about session resumption, HSTS, and HPKP
|  
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x10
| style="text-align: center;" | 3.3
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
| ECDHE-RSA-NULL-SHA
| fix SHA256 prio, add POODLE details, update various templates
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_NULL_SHA1
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_NULL_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x11
| style="text-align: center;" | 3.2
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
| ECDHE-RSA-RC4-SHA
| Added intermediate compatibility mode, renamed other modes
|  
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x12
| style="text-align: center;" | 3.1
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
| ECDHE-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA
| Added non-backward compatible ciphersuite
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x13
| style="text-align: center;" | 3
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
| ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA
| Remove RC4 for 3DES, fix ordering in openssl 0.9.8 ([https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1024430 1024430]), various minor updates
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_AES_128_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x14
| style="text-align: center;" | 2.5.1
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
| ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA
| Revisit ELB capabilities
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x15
| style="text-align: center;" | 2.5
| TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_NULL_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
| AECDH-NULL-SHA
| Update ZLB information for OCSP Stapling and ciphersuite
| TLS_ECDH_ANON_NULL_SHA1
| TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_NULL_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x16
| style="text-align: center;" | 2.4
| TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
| AECDH-RC4-SHA
| Moved a couple of aes128 above aes256 in the ciphersuite
|  
| TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x17
| style="text-align: center;" | 2.3
| TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
| AECDH-DES-CBC3-SHA
| Precisions on IE 7/8 AES support (thanks to Dobin Rutishauser)
| TLS_ECDH_ANON_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x18
| style="text-align: center;" | 2.2
| TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
| AECDH-AES128-SHA
| Added IANA/OpenSSL/GnuTLS correspondence table and conversion tool
| TLS_ECDH_ANON_AES_128_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x19
| style="text-align: center;" | 2.1
| TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
| AECDH-AES256-SHA
| RC4 vs 3DES discussion. r=joes r=tinfoil
| TLS_ECDH_ANON_AES_256_CBC_SHA1
| TLS_ECDH_anon_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x1A
| style="text-align: center;" | 2.0
| TLS_SRP_SHA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent, kang
|
| Public release.
|  
|  
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x1B
| style="text-align: center;" | 1.5
| TLS_SRP_SHA_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent, kang
|
| added details for PFS DHE handshake, added nginx configuration details; added Apache recommended conf
|  
|  
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x1C
| style="text-align: center;" | 1.4
| TLS_SRP_SHA_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
|
| revised ciphersuite. Prefer AES before RC4. Prefer 128 before 256. Prefer DHE before non-DHE.
|  
|  
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x1D
| style="text-align: center;" | 1.3
| TLS_SRP_SHA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
|
| added netscaler example conf
|  
|  
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x1E
| style="text-align: center;" | 1.2
| TLS_SRP_SHA_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
|
| ciphersuite update, bump DHE-AESGCM above ECDH-RC4
|  
|  
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x1F
| style="text-align: center;" | 1.1
| TLS_SRP_SHA_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent, kang
|
| integrated review comments from Infra; SPDY information
|  
|  
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x20
| style="text-align: center;" | 1.0
| TLS_SRP_SHA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
| style="text-align: center;" | Julien Vehent
|
| creation
|  
|  
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x21
| colspan="3" | &nbsp;
| TLS_SRP_SHA_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
|
|
|  
|-
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x22
| colspan="2" style="border-right: none;" | '''Document Status:'''
| TLS_SRP_SHA_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
| style="border-left: none; color:green; text-align: center;" | '''READY'''
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x23
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
| ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x24
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
| ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x25
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
| ECDH-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x26
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
| ECDH-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x27
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
| ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x28
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
| ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x29
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
| ECDH-RSA-AES128-SHA256
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x2A
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
| ECDH-RSA-AES256-SHA384
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x2B
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
| ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x2C
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
| ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x2D
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
| ECDH-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256
|
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x2E
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
| ECDH-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x2F
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
| ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x30
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
| ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x31
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
| ECDH-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256
|
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x32
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
| ECDH-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x33
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x34
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
|
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA1
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x35
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
|
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_AES_128_CBC_SHA1
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x36
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
|
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_AES_256_CBC_SHA1
|  
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x37
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
|
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x38
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
|
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x39
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_NULL_SHA
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x3A
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_NULL_SHA256
|
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_NULL_SHA256
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x3B
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_NULL_SHA384
|
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_NULL_SHA384
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x3C
| TLS_RSA_WITH_ARIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x3D
| TLS_RSA_WITH_ARIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x3E
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_ARIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x3F
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_ARIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x40
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_ARIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x41
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_ARIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x42
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_ARIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x43
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_ARIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x44
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_ARIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x45
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_ARIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x46
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_ARIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x47
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_ARIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x48
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_ARIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x49
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_ARIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x4A
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_ARIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x4B
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_ARIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x4C
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_ARIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x4D
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_ARIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x4E
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_ARIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x4F
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_ARIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x50
| TLS_RSA_WITH_ARIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x51
| TLS_RSA_WITH_ARIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x52
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_ARIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x53
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_ARIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x54
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_ARIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x55
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_ARIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x56
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_ARIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x57
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_ARIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x58
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_ARIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x59
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_ARIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x5A
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_ARIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x5B
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_ARIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x5C
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_ARIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x5D
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_ARIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x5E
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_ARIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x5F
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_ARIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x60
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_ARIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x61
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_ARIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x62
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_ARIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x63
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_ARIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x64
| TLS_PSK_WITH_ARIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x65
| TLS_PSK_WITH_ARIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x66
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_ARIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x67
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_ARIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x68
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_ARIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x69
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_ARIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x6A
| TLS_PSK_WITH_ARIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x6B
| TLS_PSK_WITH_ARIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x6C
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_ARIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x6D
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_ARIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x6E
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_ARIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x6F
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_ARIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x70
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_ARIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x71
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_ARIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x72
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x73
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x74
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x75
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x76
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x77
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x78
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x79
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x7A
| TLS_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x7B
| TLS_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x7C
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x7D
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x7E
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x7F
| TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x80
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x81
| TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x82
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x83
| TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x84
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x85
| TLS_DH_anon_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x86
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x87
| TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x88
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x89
| TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x8A
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x8B
| TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x8C
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x8D
| TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x8E
| TLS_PSK_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x8F
| TLS_PSK_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x90
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x91
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x92
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_GCM_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x93
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_GCM_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x94
| TLS_PSK_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x95
| TLS_PSK_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x96
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x97
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x98
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x99
| TLS_RSA_PSK_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x9A
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA256
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x9B
| TLS_ECDHE_PSK_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA384
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x9C
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CCM
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x9D
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CCM
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x9E
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CCM
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0x9F
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CCM
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0xA0
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CCM_8
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0xA1
| TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CCM_8
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0xA2
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CCM_8
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0xA3
| TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CCM_8
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0xA4
| TLS_PSK_WITH_AES_128_CCM
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0xA5
| TLS_PSK_WITH_AES_256_CCM
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0xA6
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_AES_128_CCM
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0xA7
| TLS_DHE_PSK_WITH_AES_256_CCM
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0xA8
| TLS_PSK_WITH_AES_128_CCM_8
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0xA9
| TLS_PSK_WITH_AES_256_CCM_8
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0xAA
| TLS_PSK_DHE_WITH_AES_128_CCM_8
|
|
|
|-
! scope=row | 0xC0,0xAB
| TLS_PSK_DHE_WITH_AES_256_CCM_8
|
|
|  
|}
|}
The table above was automatically generated by the script at https://github.com/jvehent/tlsnames/blob/master/build_correspondence_table.sh
== GnuTLS ciphersuite ==
Unlike OpenSSL, GnuTLS will panic if you give it ciphers aren't supported by the library. That makes it very difficult to share a default ciphersuite to use in GnuTLS. The next best thing is using the following ciphersuite, and removing the components that break on your own version:
'''NONE:+VERS-TLS1.2:+VERS-TLS1.1:+VERS-TLS1.0:+ECDHE-RSA:+DHE-RSA:+RSA:+AES-128-GCM:+AES-128-CBC:+AES-256-CBC:+SIGN-RSA-SHA256:+SIGN-RSA-SHA384:+SIGN-RSA-SHA512:+SIGN-RSA-SHA224:+SIGN-RSA-SHA1:+SIGN-DSA-SHA256:+SIGN-DSA-SHA224:+SIGN-DSA-SHA1:+CURVE-ALL:+AEAD:+SHA256:+SHA384:+SHA1:+COMP-NULL'''
A ciphersuite can be tested in GnuTLS using '''gnutls-cli'''.
<source code=bash>
$ gnutls-cli --version
gnutls-cli 3.1.26
$ gnutls-cli -l --priority NONE:+VERS-TLS1.2:+VERS-TLS1.1:+VERS-TLS1.0:+ECDHE-RSA:+DHE-RSA:+RSA:+AES-128-GCM:+AES-128-CBC:+AES-256-CBC:+SIGN-RSA-SHA256:+SIGN-RSA-SHA384:+SIGN-RSA-SHA512:+SIGN-RSA-SHA224:+SIGN-RSA-SHA1:+SIGN-DSA-SHA256:+SIGN-DSA-SHA224:+SIGN-DSA-SHA1:+CURVE-ALL:+AEAD:+SHA256:+SHA384:+SHA1:+COMP-NULLCipher suites for NONE:+VERS-TLS1.2:+VERS-TLS1.1:+VERS-TLS1.0:+ECDHE-RSA:+DHE-RSA:+RSA:+AES-128-GCM:+AES-128-CBC:+AES-256-CBC:+SIGN-RSA-SHA256:+SIGN-RSA-SHA384:+SIGN-RSA-SHA512:+SIGN-RSA-SHA224:+SIGN-RSA-SHA1:+SIGN-DSA-SHA256:+SIGN-DSA-SHA224:+SIGN-DSA-SHA1:+CURVE-ALL:+AEAD:+SHA256:+SHA384:+SHA1:+COMP-NULL
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_AES_128_GCM_SHA256                  0xc0, 0x2f TLS1.2
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_AES_128_CBC_SHA256                  0xc0, 0x27 TLS1.0
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_AES_128_CBC_SHA1                    0xc0, 0x13 SSL3.0
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA1                    0xc0, 0x14 SSL3.0
TLS_DHE_RSA_AES_128_GCM_SHA256                    0x00, 0x9e TLS1.2
TLS_DHE_RSA_AES_128_CBC_SHA256                    0x00, 0x67 TLS1.0
TLS_DHE_RSA_AES_128_CBC_SHA1                      0x00, 0x33 SSL3.0
TLS_DHE_RSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA256                    0x00, 0x6b TLS1.0
TLS_DHE_RSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA1                      0x00, 0x39 SSL3.0
TLS_RSA_AES_128_GCM_SHA256                        0x00, 0x9c TLS1.2
TLS_RSA_AES_128_CBC_SHA256                        0x00, 0x3c TLS1.0
TLS_RSA_AES_128_CBC_SHA1                          0x00, 0x2f SSL3.0
TLS_RSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA256                        0x00, 0x3d TLS1.0
TLS_RSA_AES_256_CBC_SHA1                          0x00, 0x35 SSL3.0
Certificate types: none
Protocols: VERS-TLS1.2, VERS-TLS1.1, VERS-TLS1.0
Compression: COMP-NULL
Elliptic curves: CURVE-SECP256R1, CURVE-SECP384R1, CURVE-SECP521R1
PK-signatures: SIGN-RSA-SHA256, SIGN-RSA-SHA384, SIGN-RSA-SHA512, SIGN-RSA-SHA224, SIGN-RSA-SHA1, SIGN-DSA-SHA256, SIGN-DSA-SHA224, SIGN-DSA-SHA1
</source>
A good way to debug the ciphersuite is by performing a test connection. If the ciphersuite isn't supported, gnutls-cli will stop reading it at the component that is causing the issue.
<source code=bash>
$ gnutls-cli --debug 9999 google.com --priority 'NONE:+VERS-TLS1.2:+VERS-TLS1.1:+VERS-TLS1.0:+ECDHE-RSA:+DHE-RSA:+RSA:+AES-128-GCM:+AES-128-CBC:+AES-256-CBC:+SIGN-RSA-SHA256:+SIGN-RSA-SHA384:+SIGN-RSA-SHA512:+SIGN-RSA-SHA224:+SIGN-RSA-SHA1:+SIGN-DSA-SHA256:+SIGN-DSA-SHA224:+SIGN-DSA-SHA1:+CURVE-ALL:+AEAD:+SHA256:+SHA384:+SHA1:+COMP-NULL'
|<2>| ASSERT: gnutls_priority.c:812
Syntax error at: +SIGN-RSA-SHA224:+SIGN-RSA-SHA1:+SIGN-DSA-SHA256:+SIGN-DSA-SHA224:+SIGN-DSA-SHA1:+SHA256:+SHA384:+SHA1:+COMP-NULL
</source>
In the example above, the component SIGN-RSA-SHA224 is not supported by this version of gnutls and should be removed from the ciphersuite.

Latest revision as of 22:47, 16 May 2023

The goal of this document is to help operational teams with the configuration of TLS. All Mozilla websites and deployments should follow the recommendations below.

Mozilla maintains this document as a reference guide for navigating the TLS landscape, as well as a configuration generator to assist system administrators. Changes are reviewed and merged by the Mozilla Operations Security and Enterprise Information Security teams.

Updates to this page should be submitted to the server-side-tls repository on GitHub. Issues related to the configuration generator are maintained in their own GitHub repository.

In the interests of usability and maintainability, these guidelines have been considerably simplified from the previous guidelines.

Recommended configurations

Mozilla SSL Configuration Generator
The Mozilla SSL Configuration Generator Mozilla maintains three recommended configurations for servers using TLS. Pick the correct configuration depending on your audience:

  • Modern: Modern clients that support TLS 1.3, with no need for backwards compatibility
  • Intermediate: Recommended configuration for a general-purpose server
  • Old: Services accessed by very old clients or libraries, such as Internet Explorer 8 (Windows XP), Java 6, or OpenSSL 0.9.8
Configuration Firefox Android Chrome Edge Internet Explorer Java OpenSSL Opera Safari
Modern 63 10.0 70 75 -- 11 1.1.1 57 12.1
Intermediate 27 4.4.2 31 12 11 (Win7) 8u31 1.0.1 20 9
Old 1 2.3 1 12 8 (WinXP) 6 0.9.8 5 1

The ordering of cipher suites in the Old configuration is very important, as it determines the priority with which algorithms are selected.

OpenSSL will ignore cipher suites it doesn't understand, so always use the full set of cipher suites below, in their recommended order. The use of the Old configuration with modern versions of OpenSSL may require custom builds with support for deprecated ciphers.


Modern compatibility

For services with clients that support TLS 1.3 and don't need backward compatibility, the Modern configuration provides an extremely high level of security.

  • Cipher suites (TLS 1.3): TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256
  • Cipher suites (TLS 1.2): (none)
  • Protocols: TLS 1.3
  • Certificate type: ECDSA (P-256)
  • TLS curves: X25519, prime256v1, secp384r1
  • HSTS: max-age=63072000 (two years)
  • Certificate lifespan: 90 days
  • Cipher preference: client chooses
0x13,0x01  -  TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256        TLSv1.3  Kx=any  Au=any  Enc=AESGCM(128)             Mac=AEAD
0x13,0x02  -  TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384        TLSv1.3  Kx=any  Au=any  Enc=AESGCM(256)             Mac=AEAD
0x13,0x03  -  TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256  TLSv1.3  Kx=any  Au=any  Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256)  Mac=AEAD
  • Rationale:
    • All cipher suites are forward secret and authenticated
    • The cipher suites are all strong and so we allow the client to choose, as they will know best if they have support for hardware-accelerated AES
    • We recommend ECDSA certificates using P-256, as P-384 provides negligible improvements to security and Ed25519 is not yet widely supported

Intermediate compatibility (recommended)

For services that don't need compatibility with legacy clients such as Windows XP or old versions of OpenSSL. This is the recommended configuration for the vast majority of services, as it is highly secure and compatible with nearly every client released in the last five (or more) years.

  • Cipher suites (TLS 1.3): TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256
  • Cipher suites (TLS 1.2): ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305
  • Protocols: TLS 1.2, TLS 1.3
  • TLS curves: X25519, prime256v1, secp384r1
  • Certificate type: ECDSA (P-256) (recommended), or RSA (2048 bits)
  • DH parameter size: 2048 (ffdhe2048, RFC 7919)
  • HSTS: max-age=63072000 (two years)
  • Certificate lifespan: 90 days (recommended) to 366 days
  • Cipher preference: client chooses
0x13,0x01  -  TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256         TLSv1.3  Kx=any   Au=any    Enc=AESGCM(128)             Mac=AEAD
0x13,0x02  -  TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384         TLSv1.3  Kx=any   Au=any    Enc=AESGCM(256)             Mac=AEAD
0x13,0x03  -  TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256   TLSv1.3  Kx=any   Au=any    Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256)  Mac=AEAD
0xC0,0x2B  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256  TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=AESGCM(128)             Mac=AEAD
0xC0,0x2F  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256    TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(128)             Mac=AEAD
0xC0,0x2C  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384  TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=AESGCM(256)             Mac=AEAD
0xC0,0x30  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384    TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(256)             Mac=AEAD
0xCC,0xA9  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305  TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256)  Mac=AEAD
0xCC,0xA8  -  ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305    TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA    Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256)  Mac=AEAD
0x00,0x9E  -  DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256      TLSv1.2  Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(128)             Mac=AEAD
0x00,0x9F  -  DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384      TLSv1.2  Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(256)             Mac=AEAD
0xCC,0xAA  -  DHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305      TLSv1.2  Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256)  Mac=AEAD
  • Rationale:
    • All cipher suites are forward secret and authenticated
    • TLS 1.2 is the minimum supported protocol, as recommended by RFC 7525, PCI DSS, and others
    • ECDSA certificates are recommended over RSA certificates, as they allow the use of ECDHE with Windows 7 clients using Internet Explorer 11, as well as allow connections from IE11 on Windows Server 2008 R2
    • The cipher suites are all strong and so we allow the client to choose, as they will know best if they have support for hardware-accelerated AES
    • Windows XP (including all embedded versions) are no longer supported by Microsoft, eliminating the need for many older protocols and ciphers
    • Administrators needing to provide access to IE 11 on Windows Server 2008 R2 and who are unable to switch to or add ECDSA certificates can add TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
    • While the goal is to support a broad range of clients, we reasonably disable a number of ciphers that have little support (such as ARIA, Camellia, 3DES, and SEED)
    • 90 days is the recommended maximum certificate lifespan, to encourage certificate issuance automation

Old backward compatibility

This configuration is compatible with a number of very old clients, and should be used only as a last resort.

  • Cipher suites (TLS 1.3): TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256
  • Cipher suites (TLS 1.0 - 1.2): ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA:AES256-SHA:DES-CBC3-SHA
  • Protocols: TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1, TLS 1.2, TLS 1.3
  • TLS curves: X25519, prime256v1, secp384r1
  • Certificate type: RSA (2048-bits)
  • Certificate curve: None
  • DH parameter size: 1024 (generated with openssl dhparam 1024)
  • HSTS: max-age=63072000 (two years)
  • Certificate lifespan: 90 days (recommended) to 366 days
  • Cipher preference: server chooses
0x13,0x01  -  TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256         TLSv1.3  Kx=any   Au=any    Enc=AESGCM(128)             Mac=AEAD
0x13,0x02  -  TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384         TLSv1.3  Kx=any   Au=any    Enc=AESGCM(256)             Mac=AEAD
0x13,0x03  -  TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256   TLSv1.3  Kx=any   Au=any    Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256)  Mac=AEAD
0xC0,0x2B  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256  TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=AESGCM(128)             Mac=AEAD
0xC0,0x2F  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256    TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(128)             Mac=AEAD
0xC0,0x2C  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384  TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=AESGCM(256)             Mac=AEAD
0xC0,0x30  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384    TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(256)             Mac=AEAD
0xCC,0xA9  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305  TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256)  Mac=AEAD
0xCC,0xA8  -  ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305    TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA    Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256)  Mac=AEAD
0x00,0x9E  -  DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256      TLSv1.2  Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(128)             Mac=AEAD
0x00,0x9F  -  DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384      TLSv1.2  Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(256)             Mac=AEAD
0xCC,0xAA  -  DHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305      TLSv1.2  Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=CHACHA20/POLY1305(256)  Mac=AEAD
0xC0,0x23  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256      TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=AES(128)                Mac=SHA256
0xC0,0x27  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256        TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)                Mac=SHA256
0xC0,0x09  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA         TLSv1    Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=AES(128)                Mac=SHA1
0xC0,0x13  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA           TLSv1    Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)                Mac=SHA1
0xC0,0x24  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384      TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=AES(256)                Mac=SHA384
0xC0,0x28  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384        TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)                Mac=SHA384
0xC0,0x0A  -  ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA         TLSv1    Kx=ECDH  Au=ECDSA  Enc=AES(256)                Mac=SHA1
0xC0,0x14  -  ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA           TLSv1    Kx=ECDH  Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)                Mac=SHA1
0x00,0x67  -  DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256          TLSv1.2  Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)                Mac=SHA256
0x00,0x6B  -  DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256          TLSv1.2  Kx=DH    Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)                Mac=SHA256
0x00,0x9C  -  AES128-GCM-SHA256              TLSv1.2  Kx=RSA   Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(128)             Mac=AEAD
0x00,0x9D  -  AES256-GCM-SHA384              TLSv1.2  Kx=RSA   Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(256)             Mac=AEAD
0x00,0x3C  -  AES128-SHA256                  TLSv1.2  Kx=RSA   Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)                Mac=SHA256
0x00,0x3D  -  AES256-SHA256                  TLSv1.2  Kx=RSA   Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)                Mac=SHA256
0x00,0x2F  -  AES128-SHA                     SSLv3    Kx=RSA   Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)                Mac=SHA1
0x00,0x35  -  AES256-SHA                     SSLv3    Kx=RSA   Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)                Mac=SHA1
0x00,0x0A  -  DES-CBC3-SHA                   SSLv3    Kx=RSA   Au=RSA    Enc=3DES(168)               Mac=SHA1
  • Rationale:
    • Take a hard look at your infrastructure needs before using this configuration; it is intended for special use cases only
    • If possible, use this configuration only for endpoints that require it, segregating it from other traffic
    • SSLv3 has been disabled entirely, ending support for older Windows XP SP2 clients. Users requiring support for Windows XP SP2 may use previous versions of this configuration, with the caveat that SSLv3 is no longer safe to use
    • This configuration requires custom builds to work with modern versions of OpenSSL, using enable-ssl3, enable-ssl3-method, enable-deprecated, and enable-weak-ssl-ciphers
    • Most ciphers that are not clearly broken and dangerous to use are supported

JSON version of the recommendations

Mozilla also maintains these recommendations in JSON format, for automated system configuration. This location is versioned and permanent, and can be referenced in scripts and tools. The file will not change, to avoid breaking tools when we update the recommendations.

We also maintain a rolling version of these recommendations, with the caveat that they may change without warning and without providing backwards compatibility. As it may break things if you use it to automatically configure your servers without review, we recommend you use the version-specific file instead.

Version History

Version Editor Changes
5.7 Gene Wood Add DHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305 cipher to the Intermediate configuration
5.6 April King Fixed incorrect cipher ordering for the Intermediate configuration
5.5 April King Update certificate lifespan to reflect browser policy changes
5.3 April King Bump links to point to 5.3 guidelines, since it fixes a small JSON error
5.0.1 April King Add note about IE 11 on Windows Server 2008 R2
5.0 April King Server Side TLS 5.0
4.2 April King Updated cipher suite table
4.1 Julien Vehent Clarify Logjam notes, Clarify risk of TLS Tickets
4 Julien Vehent Recommend ECDSA in modern level, remove DSS ciphers, publish configurations as JSON
3.8 Julien Vehent redo cipher names chart (April King), move version chart (April King), update Intermediate cipher suite (ulfr)
3.7 Julien Vehent cleanup version table (April King), add F5 conf samples (warburtron), add notes about DHE (rgacogne)
3.6 Julien Vehent bump intermediate DHE to 2048, add note about java compatibility
3.5 alm comment on weakdh vulnerability
3.4 Julien Vehent added note about session resumption, HSTS, and HPKP
3.3 Julien Vehent fix SHA256 prio, add POODLE details, update various templates
3.2 Julien Vehent Added intermediate compatibility mode, renamed other modes
3.1 Julien Vehent Added non-backward compatible ciphersuite
3 Julien Vehent Remove RC4 for 3DES, fix ordering in openssl 0.9.8 (1024430), various minor updates
2.5.1 Julien Vehent Revisit ELB capabilities
2.5 Julien Vehent Update ZLB information for OCSP Stapling and ciphersuite
2.4 Julien Vehent Moved a couple of aes128 above aes256 in the ciphersuite
2.3 Julien Vehent Precisions on IE 7/8 AES support (thanks to Dobin Rutishauser)
2.2 Julien Vehent Added IANA/OpenSSL/GnuTLS correspondence table and conversion tool
2.1 Julien Vehent RC4 vs 3DES discussion. r=joes r=tinfoil
2.0 Julien Vehent, kang Public release.
1.5 Julien Vehent, kang added details for PFS DHE handshake, added nginx configuration details; added Apache recommended conf
1.4 Julien Vehent revised ciphersuite. Prefer AES before RC4. Prefer 128 before 256. Prefer DHE before non-DHE.
1.3 Julien Vehent added netscaler example conf
1.2 Julien Vehent ciphersuite update, bump DHE-AESGCM above ECDH-RC4
1.1 Julien Vehent, kang integrated review comments from Infra; SPDY information
1.0 Julien Vehent creation
 
Document Status: READY
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