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= Mozilla's CA Certificate Program =
= Mozilla's CA Certificate Program =


Mozilla’s CA Certificate Program governs inclusion of root [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Security/x509_Certificates certificates] in [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/NSS Network Security Services (NSS),] a set of open source libraries designed to support cross-platform development of security-enabled client and server applications. The NSS root certificate store is not only used in Mozilla products such as the Firefox browser, but is also used by other companies in a variety of products.
Mozilla’s CA Certificate Program governs inclusion of root [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Security/x509_Certificates certificates] in [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Projects/NSS Network Security Services (NSS),] a set of open source libraries designed to support cross-platform development of security-enabled client and server applications. The NSS root certificate store is not only used in Mozilla products such as the Firefox browser, but is also used by other companies in a variety of products. The program is overseen by the module owner and peers of the [[Modules/Activities#CA_Certificates|CA Certificates Module]];  the policy itself is overseen by the module owner and peers of the [[Modules/Activities#Mozilla_CA_Certificate_Policy|CA Certificate Policy Module]].


== Policy ==
== Policy ==


* [http://www.mozilla.org/projects/security/certs/policy/ Root Store Policy] (current stable version: 2.4.1)
* [https://www.mozilla.org/projects/security/certs/policy/ Root Store Policy] (current stable version: 2.9)
* [[CA/Communications | CA Communications]] and their responses. Such communications may also set policy in advance of it being included in the Root Store Policy.
* [[CA/Communications | CA Communications]] and their responses. Such communications may also set policy in advance of it being included in the Root Store Policy.
* [[CA/Root_Store_Policy_Archive|Root Store Policy Archive]]
* [[CA/Updating_Root_Store_Policy|Process for updating the Root Store Policy]]
* [[CA/Updating_Root_Store_Policy|Process for updating the Root Store Policy]]
** [https://github.com/mozilla/pkipolicy/issues Root Store Policy Issue Tracker]
** [https://github.com/mozilla/pkipolicy/issues Root Store Policy Issue Tracker]
** [https://github.com/mozilla/pkipolicy/blob/master/rootstore/policy.md Latest draft of Root Store Policy] (will become the next version)
** [https://github.com/mozilla/pkipolicy/blob/master/rootstore/policy.md Latest draft of Root Store Policy] (will become the next version)
* [[CA/Root_Store_Policy_Archive|Root Store Policy Archive]]
* [[CA/Transition_SMIME_BRs|Transition to S/MIME BRs]]
* [[CA:RootTransferPolicy|Root Transfer Policy]]: Mozilla's expectations when the ownership of an included root certificate changes, the organization operating the PKI changes, and/or the private keys of the root certificate are transferred to a new location.
 
== Lists of Certificates ==


== Lists of CAs and Certificates ==
* [https://www.ccadb.org/rootstores/usage#ccadb-data-usage-terms Data Usage Terms]
* [[CA/Included_CAs|Included CAs]] (in the Root Program and in Firefox)
* [[CA/Included_Certificates|Included CA Certificates]]
* [[CA/Included_Certificates|Included CA Certificates]]
* [[NSS:Release_Versions|NSS:Release_Versions]] - shows which version of Mozilla products a particular root certificate was first available in
* [[CA/Intermediate_Certificates|Intermediate Certificates]]
* [[CA/Intermediate_Certificates|Intermediate Certificates]]
* [[CA/Removed_Certificates|Removed CA Certificates]]
* [[CA/Removed_Certificates|Removed CA Certificates]]
* [[CA/Certificate_Change_Requests|Certificate Change Requests]]
* [[NSS:Release_Versions|NSS Release Versions]] - shows in which version of Mozilla products each root certificate was first available
* [[CA/Additional_Trust_Changes| Additional Trust Policies ]] - describes trust policies enforced by PSM in Firefox and Thunderbird, but not represented in the NSS root store.


== Program Administration ==
== Program Administration ==


Most information relating to the administration of our program is stored either in [https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/ Bugzilla] or in the [[CA:CommonCADatabase|Common CA Database]].
Most information relating to the administration of our program is stored either in [https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/ Bugzilla] or in the [https://ccadb.org/ Common CA Database].
 
* [[CA/Dashboard|Certificate Change Request Dashboard]] - tracks applications and trust changes through the process in Bugzilla
** [[CA/Prioritization|Certificate Change Prioritization]]
* [[CA/Certificate_Change_Requests|Certificate Change Requests]] as tracked in the CCADB
* [[CA/Incident_Dashboard|Incident and Compliance Dashboard]]
** [[CA/Maintenance_and_Enforcement#Issues_Lists|CA Issues Lists]]
* [[CA/CCADB_Dashboard|CCADB Dashboard]]
* [[CA/Bug_Triage|Bugzilla Bug Triage Process]] - also lists whiteboard tags
* [[CA/Email_templates|Email Templates used by CCADB]]
 
====crt.sh====


* [[CA/Dashboard|Certificate Change Request Dashboard]] - tracks applications and trust changes through the process
* [https://crt.sh/mozilla-disclosures Disclosure status of all certificates known to CT]
* [[CA/ca-bugs|Lists of Mis-issuance Incident and Compliance Bugs]]
* [https://crt.sh/?cablint=issues Problematic certificates issued in the past week known to CT]
* [[CA_Bug_Triage|How we mark Bugzilla bugs related to the CA Certificate program]]


== Information for CAs ==
== Information for CAs ==
* [https://ccadb.org/cas/ CCADB Login]
* [[CA/Audit_Statements|Audit_Statements]]
* [[CA/Responding_To_An_Incident|Responding to an Incident]] (such as a misissuance)
* [[CA/Vulnerability_Disclosure|Disclosing a Vulnerability or Security Incident]]
* [[CA/Application_Process|Application Process for Mozilla's Root Program]]
** [[CA/Quantifying_Value|Quantifying Value: Information Expected of New Applicants]]
** [[CA/Compliance_Self-Assessment|Compliance Self Assessment]]
*** [[CA/CPS_Review|Previous reviews of CP/CPS documents]]
** [[CA/Information_Checklist|CA Information Checklist]]
** [[CA/Subordinate_CA_Checklist|Subordinate CA Information Checklist]]
* [[CA/External_Sub_CAs|Approval Process for Externally Operated Subordinate CAs]]
* [[CA/Certificate_Change_Process|Change or Remove an Included Root Certificate]]
* [[CA/Root_CA_Lifecycles|Root CA Lifecycles]]
* [[CA/Required_or_Recommended_Practices|Required or Recommended CA Practices]]
* [[CA/Root_Inclusion_Considerations|Root Inclusion Considerations]] -- This page is intended to be used as a tool for identifying when a CA Operator's root inclusion request should be denied, or when a CA's root certificate should be removed from Mozilla's root store.
** [[CA/Forbidden_or_Problematic_Practices|Forbidden or Problematic CA Practices]]
** [[CA/Maintenance_and_Enforcement|Maintenance and Enforcement]]
* [[SecurityEngineering/Certificate_Verification|How Firefox Performs Certificate Verification]] and path construction
* [[CA/EV_Processing_for_CAs | How Firefox Processes EV Certificates]]
* Revocation
** [[CA/Revocation_Checking_in_Firefox|How Firefox Performs Revocation Checking]]
** [[CA/Revocation_Reasons|Revocation Reasons for TLS Server Certificates]]
* [[PSM:EV_Testing_Easy_Version|EV Readiness Test]]
* [https://github.com/digicert/pkilint PKI Lint Tool for TLS & S/MIME] - source code download
* [https://github.com/certlint/certlint BR Lint Certificate Test] - source code download
* [https://github.com/zmap/zlint ZLint - Certificate Test of Mozilla's and others' requirements] - source code download
* [https://github.com/kroeckx/x509lint X.509 Lint Certificate Test] - source code download
* [[CA:TestErrors|Common Test Errors]]


* [[CA/Application_Process|Application Process Overview]]
== Information for Auditors ==
* [[CA:How_to_apply|How To Apply]]
* [[CA/Audit_Statements#Auditor_Qualifications|Auditor Qualifications]]
* [[CA:Root_Change_Process|Making Changes to Included Roots]]
* [[CA/Auditor_Compliance|Auditor Compliance Dashboard]]
* [[CA/BR_Audit_Guidance|Guidance on doing Baseline Requirements audits]]
* [[CA/Auditor_Mistakes|Mistakes we have seen auditors make]] and their consequences


* [[CA:Recommended_Practices|Recommended CA practices]]
== Information for the Public ==
* [[CA:Problematic_Practices|Potentially problematic CA practices]]
* [https://blog.mozilla.org/security/2019/02/14/why-does-mozilla-maintain-our-own-root-certificate-store/ Why Does Mozilla Maintain Our Own Root Certificate Store?]
* [[CA:BRs-Self-Assessment|How to do a self-assessment against the Baseline Requirements (BRs)]]
* [https://blog.mozilla.org/security/2019/04/15/common-ca-database-ccadb/ What is the Common CA Database (CCADB)?]
* [[CA/FAQ|FAQ About Certificates and CAs]]
* [https://ccadb.my.salesforce-sites.com/mozilla/ProblemReportingMechanismsReport List of CA problem reporting mechanisms (email, etc.)] (use this to report a certificate problem directly to the CA)
* [https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/enter_bug.cgi?product=CA%20Program&component=CA%20Certificate%20Compliance Report an Incident to Mozilla] (be sure to click the "Security" checkbox if it is a [https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/security/#For_Developers security-sensitive incident])
* [[CA/Terminology|Glossary of CA and Certificate Terminology]]
* [[CA/Changing_Trust_Settings|Changing Certificate Trust Settings in Firefox]]
** [[CA/Changing_Trust_Settings#Trusting_an_Additional_Root_Certificate|Manually import a root certificate into Firefox]]
* [https://certviewer-dot-ccadb-231121.appspot.com/certviewer Certificate Viewer] -- can also be installed/run locally (see [https://github.com/mozilla/CCADB-Tools/tree/master/certViewer ReadMe])
* [https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html Qualys SSL Server Quality Checker]
* [https://observatory.mozilla.org/ Mozilla SSL Server Quality Checker]
* [[CA/Revocation_Checking_in_Firefox|How Firefox performs revocation checking]]
* [https://certificate.revocationcheck.com/ Certificate Revocation Checker] (also checks CRL and OCSP server quality and compliance)
* [https://ccadb.my.salesforce-sites.com/mozilla/CAAIdentifiersReport List of CAA Identifiers] (used to restrict issuance of certificates to specific CAs via a [https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6844 DNS Certification Authority Authorization Resource Record])
* [[CA/AddRootToFirefox|How to install your own root certificate in Firefox]]


== Discussion Forums ==
== Discussion Forums ==


The following Mozilla public forums are relevant to CA evaluation and related issues. Each forum can be accessed either as a mailing list, over the web or as a newsgroup.
The following public forums are relevant to CA evaluation and related issues.  
 
===== CCADB =====
* '''[https://groups.google.com/a/ccadb.org/g/public CCADB Public mailing list''' is used to conduct a six-week public discussion of CA root inclusion requests and to discuss important lessons learned from CA incident reports. See https://www.ccadb.org/cas/public-group for more information.
 
===== MDSP =====
* '''[https://groups.google.com/a/mozilla.org/g/dev-security-policy Mozilla's dev-security-policy (MDSP)] mailing list''' is used for discussions of Mozilla policies related to security in general and CAs in particular, and for wider discussions about the WebPKI. If you are a regular participant in MDSP, then please add your name to the [[CA/Policy_Participants|Policy Participants]] page.


* [https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/about/forums/#dev-security-policy mozilla.dev.security.policy] (MDSP). This forum is used for discussions of Mozilla policies related to security in general and CAs in particular, and for wider discussions about the WebPKI. Among other things, it is the preferred forum for the public comment phase of CA evaluation. If you are a regular participant in MDSP, then please add your name to the [[CA:Policy_Participants|Policy Participants]] page.
===== Other MDSP Mail Archives =====
* [https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/about/forums/#dev-tech-crypto mozilla.dev.tech.crypto]. This forum is used for discussions of the [http://www.mozilla.org/projects/security/pki/nss/ NSS] cryptographic library used in Firefox and other Mozilla-based products, as well as the [http://www.mozilla.org/projects/security/pki/psm/ PSM] module that implements higher-level security protocols for Firefox.
* '''New MDSP Messages''' (since August 2021)
* [https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/about/forums/#dev-security mozilla.dev.security]. This forum is used for discussions of Mozilla security issues in general.


== Override Default Trust Settings in Firefox ==
(HTML): https://www.mail-archive.com/dev-security-policy@mozilla.org/


Users of Firefox or other Mozilla products may [[CA:UserCertDB|override the default root certificate settings]] by either deleting root certificates or by changing the trust bit settings of a root certificate.
(RSS): https://www.mail-archive.com/dev-security-policy@mozilla.org/maillist.xml


== How to Apply for Root Inclusion or Changes ==
* '''Old MDSP Messages''' (until April 2021)


* [https://wiki.mozilla.org/CA Process Overview]
(HTML): https://www.mail-archive.com/dev-security-policy@lists.mozilla.org/
* [[CA:How_to_apply|How to Apply]] -- A guide for CAs wishing to include their certificate in Mozilla's Root CA store, and also a guide for CAs wishing to add trust bits or enable EV for a certificate that is already included in Mozilla's Root CA store.
* [[CA:Root_Change_Process|Root Change Process]] -- How to request a change to a root certificate that is currently included in NSS. This includes the process for disabling or removing a root certificate from NSS.


* [[CA:Information_checklist|Checklist of CA information]] required to process a CA's application
(RSS): https://www.mail-archive.com/dev-security-policy@lists.mozilla.org/maillist.xml
* [[CA:Recommended_Practices|Recommended practices for CAs]] wishing to have their root CA certificates included in Mozilla products
* [[CA:Problematic_Practices|Potentially problematic CA practices]]. This discusses CA practices that are not explicitly forbidden by the Mozilla CA policy, and do not necessarily pose security issues, but that some people have expressed concerns about and that may cause delays in evaluating and approving CA applications. Some of these practices may be addressed in future versions of the Mozilla CA policy.
* [[CA:Schedule|Queue for Public Discussion]] of CA evaluations
* [[CA:Recommendations_for_Roots|Technical recommendations for root certificates]]. This is a very first-cut attempt to outline what root certificates should contain, based on the relevant RFCs as supplemented by existing practices.
* [[CA:SubordinateCA_checklist|Checklist for Subordinate CAs and CSPs]] Information needed when subordinate CAs are operated by third parties.


* [[PSM:EV_Testing_Easy_Version | EV Testing in Firefox:]] Explains how you can test that your CA certificate (that you want to enable for EV) and your OCSP infrastructure is working correctly according to the expectations of Mozilla, Firefox, the NSS library, and conforms to the SSL protocol specifications (as interpreted by Mozilla/NSS software).
===== Other Forums =====
** [[CA:EV_Revocation_Checking|EV certificates and revocation checking]]. This discusses how revocation checking via OCSP or CRLs affects the UI treatment of EV certificates.
* [https://groups.google.com/a/mozilla.org/g/dev-tech-crypto Mozilla's dev-tech-crypto] mailing list is used for discussions of the [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Projects/NSS NSS] cryptographic library used in Firefox and other Mozilla-based products, as well as the [https://www.mozilla.org/projects/security/pki/psm/ PSM] module that implements higher-level security protocols for Firefox.
* Terminology
* For other discussions of Mozilla security issues:
** [[CA:Glossary|Glossary of CA- and Mozilla-related terms]]. Useful for following Mozilla CA-related discussions.
** [https://discourse.mozilla.org/c/security/ Mozilla's Security Web forum] is a place to discuss information security work in the open source space, where Mozilla is empowering users to build and curate a Healthy Internet.
** [[CA:Terminology | High Level Terminology]]
** [https://discourse.mozilla.org/tags/c/firefox-development/privacy-and-security Mozilla's privacy-and-security forum] is a place to discuss issues and questions specific to privacy and security.
* [[CA:Certificate Download Specification|Certificate download specification]]. This document describes the data formats used by Mozilla products for installing certificates.
** [https://chat.mozilla.org/#/room/#security:mozilla.org chat on Matrix] may also be used

Latest revision as of 16:35, 8 May 2024

Mozilla's CA Certificate Program

Mozilla’s CA Certificate Program governs inclusion of root certificates in Network Security Services (NSS), a set of open source libraries designed to support cross-platform development of security-enabled client and server applications. The NSS root certificate store is not only used in Mozilla products such as the Firefox browser, but is also used by other companies in a variety of products. The program is overseen by the module owner and peers of the CA Certificates Module; the policy itself is overseen by the module owner and peers of the CA Certificate Policy Module.

Policy

Lists of CAs and Certificates

Program Administration

Most information relating to the administration of our program is stored either in Bugzilla or in the Common CA Database.

crt.sh

Information for CAs

Information for Auditors

Information for the Public

Discussion Forums

The following public forums are relevant to CA evaluation and related issues.

CCADB
MDSP
  • Mozilla's dev-security-policy (MDSP) mailing list is used for discussions of Mozilla policies related to security in general and CAs in particular, and for wider discussions about the WebPKI. If you are a regular participant in MDSP, then please add your name to the Policy Participants page.
Other MDSP Mail Archives
  • New MDSP Messages (since August 2021)

(HTML): https://www.mail-archive.com/dev-security-policy@mozilla.org/

(RSS): https://www.mail-archive.com/dev-security-policy@mozilla.org/maillist.xml

  • Old MDSP Messages (until April 2021)

(HTML): https://www.mail-archive.com/dev-security-policy@lists.mozilla.org/

(RSS): https://www.mail-archive.com/dev-security-policy@lists.mozilla.org/maillist.xml

Other Forums
  • Mozilla's dev-tech-crypto mailing list is used for discussions of the NSS cryptographic library used in Firefox and other Mozilla-based products, as well as the PSM module that implements higher-level security protocols for Firefox.
  • For other discussions of Mozilla security issues:
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